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questão |
resposta |
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começar a aprender
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offer (a proposal, the terms of which are certain)
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começar a aprender
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oferent / osoba składająca ofertę começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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unconditional (absolute, without any doubts or suggestions of change)
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trudno jest jednoznacznie stwierdzić começar a aprender
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It is difficult to reach a definite conclusion.
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przyjęcie oferty nie może być milczące começar a aprender
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acceptance of an offer cannot be made by silence.
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Przyjęcie oferty musi być wyraźnie zakomunikowane oferentowi. começar a aprender
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Acceptance must be actively communicated to the offeror.
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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the reasoning behind the decision. This is the part of the judge's word that provides the legal reasoning for his or her decision. Only ratio decidendi is binding.
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começar a aprender
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obiter dictum (is something that is not really necessary for the legal basis for the decision)
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começar a aprender
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distinguishable from the present case começar a aprender
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This means that the case is so different that the precedent does not apply in this particular situation).
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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Gdy sędzia rozstrzyga wynik konkretnej sprawy musi zwrócić uwagę na zasady prawaa, które wynikają z poprzednich spraw dotyczących takich samych lub podobnych sytuacji. começar a aprender
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When a judge decides the result of a particular case he or she must pay attention to the principles of law that come from an earlier case dealing with the same or similar points.
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Rozstrzygnięcia mogą stać się wiązące dla przyszłych sędziów i mogą stać się prawem, którego każdy musi przestrzegać. começar a aprender
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A statement of law can become binding upon later judges and can become the law for everyone to follow.
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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an old-fashioned word meaning a judge's words at the end of a case giving his or her decision).
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começar a aprender
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To źródło prawa jest nazywane prawem zwyczajowym. começar a aprender
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This source of law is called the common law.
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Jak precedens zostanie ustatnowiony to staje się częścią prawa i jest wiążący dla sądów niższej instancji. começar a aprender
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Once a precedent is established it forms part of the law and is binding upon lower courts.
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ułożyć w odpowiednim porządku começar a aprender
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to put something in correct order
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wyjaśnić komuś swoją opinię começar a aprender
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to make my opinion on this matter clear to somebody
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Załączam fakturę/rachunek (idiom) começar a aprender
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I enclose my account for your attention.
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Jeśli masz dodatkowe pytania proszę o kontakt começar a aprender
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If you have any further questions do not hesitate to contact me.
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Miło mi potwierdzić moją opinię começar a aprender
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I am pleased to confirm to you the advice
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Nie zawarłeś kontraktu w związku z tym, że nie zaakceptowałeś przedstawionej Ci oferty. começar a aprender
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You didn't form a contract as you did not accept their offer to provide you.
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Bardzo dziękuję za przyjście wczoraj w związku z powyższą sprawą. começar a aprender
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Thank you very much for coming to see me yesterday in connection with the above matter.
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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Elementami umowy w Anglii są: oferta, przyjęcie oferty, świadczenie, zamiar começar a aprender
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The elements of an English contract are: offer, acceptance, consideration, intention.
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złożyć propozycję drugiej stronie começar a aprender
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to make proporsal to the other party
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Oferta jest na określonych warunkach. começar a aprender
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The proposal is on absolutely certain terms.
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começar a aprender
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to exchange someting in return for something
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começar a aprender
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jest bezwzględnie niezbędne começar a aprender
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It is absolutely necessary that
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começar a aprender
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offeror (the person who makes an offer)
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começar a aprender
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offerree (the person who receive the offer)
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oferta nie jest możliwa do przyjęcia começar a aprender
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the offer is no longer open to acceptance.
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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Skutkiem prawnym jest anulowanie pierwszej oferty começar a aprender
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The legal effect is to cancel the original offer
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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to revoke/withdraw an offer
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Sue zaoferowała dom na sprzedaż w cenie 100 000 EUR começar a aprender
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Sue offers the house for sale AT a price of 100 000 EUR.
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zamiar utworzenia stosunku prawnego começar a aprender
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intention to create a legal relationship
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começar a aprender
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consideration (what one party promises to give to, or promises to do for, the other party).
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Jest wiele precedensów w angielskim prawie kiedy sędziowe zdecydowali co jest świadczeniem wzajemnym a co nie. começar a aprender
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There are many precedents in English law where judges decide what is good consideration and what is not.
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"Świadczeniem są zwykle następujące rzeczy: começar a aprender
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"Benefit is usually the following:
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* zobowiązanie do działania começar a aprender
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* zobowiązanie do zaniechania começar a aprender
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* obligation to refrain from
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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"Consideration is usually one of the following things:
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*a promise to do something começar a aprender
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* a promise to do something
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começar a aprender
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* a promise not to do something in the future
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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Świadczenie musi być wzajemne. Musi działać w dwie strony. começar a aprender
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Consideration must be reciprocal. It must travel in both direction.
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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Większość współczesnego prawa kontraktowego pochodzi z przepisów stanowionych. Jest to źródło prawa. começar a aprender
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Much modern contract law comes from statute. It's a source of law.
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começar a aprender
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statue / statutory law / Acts of Parliament / legislation / law made by Parliament
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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członkowie izby niższej parlamentu (House of Commons) começar a aprender
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pochodzić z różnych środowisk começar a aprender
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to come from a variety of backgrounds
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izba niższa parlamentu (UK) começar a aprender
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izba wyższa parlamentu (UK) começar a aprender
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prawo do zatrzymania zaproponowanych przepisów przed staniem się prawem começar a aprender
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a power to stop a proposed statute from becoming law
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Monarcha musi dać zgodę przed tym jak nowe przepisy staną się prawem. começar a aprender
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The monarch has to give permission before a new statute becomes law.
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udzielić zgody królewskiej começar a aprender
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to give the "Royal Assent"
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legislacja (wszystkie przepisy stworzone przez Parlament) começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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przepisy stanowione zajmują się / obejmują / ustanawiają começar a aprender
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A statute deals with / covers / places
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ustanowić restrykcje dotyczące começar a aprender
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to place some restrictions upon
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começar a aprender
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odpowiedzialność za zaniedbanie
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ograniczyć odpowiedzialność começar a aprender
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to limit somebody liability for negligence
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restrykcje / ograniczenia começar a aprender
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restriction (a limit that is put on something)
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começar a aprender
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wykonywać warunki/obowiązki começar a aprender
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to perform conditions and duties
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começar a aprender
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all of the duties and conditions contained in a contract
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warunek/postanowienie umowy começar a aprender
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term / provision (a single duty or condition contained in a contract. It is sometimes called a provision.)
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começar a aprender
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okres obowiązywania umowy começar a aprender
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term (the duration of a contract)
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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jurisdiction (legal power over a geographical area or people)
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começar a aprender
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condition (something that you have to do in order for something else to happen)
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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to comply with the law (to follow the law correctly)
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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zdolność do zawarcia umowy começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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Kontrakt może być pisemny, ustny albo w formie oświadczenia złożonego w obecności świadków. começar a aprender
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A contract may be written, oral (spoken) or in the form of a deed.
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Ustne umowy są ważne zgodnie z angielskim prawem. começar a aprender
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An oral contract is binding according to English law.
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forma zawarcia umowy polegająca na złożeniu oświadczenia w obecności świadków. começar a aprender
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deed / contract under seal
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começar a aprender
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strona dokonująca naruszenia começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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claimant (UK) / plaintiff (US, UK untill 1999)
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começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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rozwiązanie umowy przez jej złamanie começar a aprender
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começar a aprender
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In very special circumstances
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możliwa do dochodzenia przed sądem começar a aprender
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postanowienie nie jest ważne começar a aprender
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