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ubezpieczenie
You take out an insurance policy. An insurance premium is the regular amount you pay to the insurance company. You can take out life, health, car, travel and household insurance.
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insurance
the business of providing insurance He works in insurance (pracuje w firmie ubezpieczeniowej). ▶ ubezpieczenie asekuracja 3 insurance (against sth) sth you do to protect yourself Many people take vitamin pills as an insurance against illness.
insurance /ɪnˈʃʊərəns -ˈʃɔ: r-; US / noun 1 [u] insurance (against sth) life insurance ubezpieczenie na życie car/household insurance travel insurance ubezpieczenie na czas podróży an insurance policy to take out insurance against fire and theft
ubezpieczać
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insure
insure /ɪnˈʃʊə(r) -ˈʃɔ:(r) / verb [t] 1insure yourself/sth (against/for sth) to buy or to provide insurance They insured the painting for £ 10 000 against damage or theft. That company refused to insure me when I took up parachuting. ▶ ubezpieczać
rebeliant
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insurgent
□ insurgent adj. ▶ rebeliancki buntowniczy
insurgent /ɪnˈsɜ: dʒənt; US / noun [countable, usually pl.] (formal) a person fighting against the government or armed forces of their own country an attack by armed insurgents insurgent groups ▶ rebeliant/ka buntowni-k/czka  SYNONYM  rebel
powstanie, insurekcja
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uprising, insurrection
insurrection /ˌɪnsəˈrekʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] (formal) violent action against the rulers of a country or the government ▶ powstanie insurekcja
nienaruszony, nietknięty
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intact, intact
intact /ɪnˈtækt; US / adj. [not before a noun] complete; not damaged Very few of the buildings remain intact following the earthquake. ▶ nienaruszony nietknięty bez szwanku cały
spożycie, napływ
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intake, influx
2 the (number of) people who enter an organization during a certain period This year’s intake of students is down 10%. ▶ nabór 3 the act of taking sth into your body, especially breath a sharp intake of breath gwałtowny wdech ▶ pobór (np. powietrza)
intake /ˈɪnteɪk / noun [c, usually sing.] 1 the amount of food, drink, etc. that you take into your body The doctor told me to cut down my alcohol intake. ▶ spożycie spożywanie
niepojęty, nieuchwytny
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intangible
intangible /ɪnˈtændʒəbl; US / adj. difficult to describe, understand or measure The benefits of good customer relations are intangible. ▶ niepojęty nieuchwytny nienamacalny
zasadniczy, integralny
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integral
2 included as part of sth The car has an integral CD player. ▶ integralny
integral /ˈɪntɪɡrəl; US / adj. 1 integral (to sth) necessary in order to make sth complete Spending a year in France is an integral part of the university course. The illustrations are integral to the story. ▶ zasadniczy integralny
łączyć, scalać
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integrate
These programs can be integrated with your existing software. ▶ łączyć (w jedną całość) scalać
integrate /ˈɪntɪɡreɪt; US / verb 1 [transitive] integrate sth (into sth); integrate A and B/integrate A with B to join things so that they become one thing or work together The two small schools were integrated into one large one.
integrować kogoś z czymś
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integrate someone into something
2[intransitive, transitive] integrate (sb) (into/with sth) to join in and become part of a group or community, or to make sb do this It took Amir a while to integrate into his new school. ▶ integrować kogoś/się z czymś ⇨ look at segregate
scalanie, integracja
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integration
□ integration /ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] racial integration ▶ połączenie scalanie integracja dopełnianie ⇨ look at segregation
prawość, uczciwość
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integrity
integrity /ɪnˈteɡrəti; US / noun [uncountable] the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles He’s a person of great integrity who will say exactly what he thinks. ▶ prawość uczciwość
umysł, rozum
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intellect
intellect /ˈɪntəlekt/ noun 1 [u] the power of the mind to think and to learn a woman of considerable intellect ▶ umysł rozum intelekt 2[countable] an extremely intelligent person He was one of the most brilliant intellects of his time. ▶ umysł
umysłowy, intelektualny
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intellectual
2 (used about a person) enjoying activities in which you have to think deeply about sth ▶ intelektualny
intellectual1 /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl; US / adj. 1 [only before a noun] connected with sb’s ability to think, reason and understand things The boy’s intellectual development was very advanced for his age. ▶ umysłowy intelektualny myślowy
umysłowo, intelektualnie
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intellectually
□ intellectually /-tʃuəli; US / adv. Chess is an intellectually challenging game. ▶ umysłowo intelektualnie
inteligent
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intellectual
intellectual2 /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl; US / noun [countable] a person who enjoys thinking deeply about things The cafe was a well-known meeting place for artists and intellectuals. ▶ intelektualist(k)a inteligent/ka
własność intelektualna
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intellectual property
ˌintelˌlectual ˈproperty noun [uncountable] an idea, a design, etc. that sb has created and that the law prevents other people from copying intellectual property rights ▶ własność intelektualna
inteligencja, wywiad
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intelligence, intelligence
2 important information about an enemy country to receive intelligence about somebody ▶ wywiad (np. szpiegowski)
intelligence /ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns; US / noun [u] 1 the ability to understand, learn and think Examinations are not necessarily the best way to measure intelligence. a person of normal intelligence an intelligence test ▶ inteligencja
inteligentny
Osoby, które opisuje się jako clever lub smart, szybko uczą się nowych rzeczy: She’s smarter than her brother. Wyrazy clever i smart opisują również działanie lub pomysły, które charakteryzują się inteligencją: What a clever idea! • a smart career move
intelligent Wyrazy bright, clever oraz (zwł. w Amer. ang.) smart również oznaczają „mądry“. Wyrazu bright zwykle używa się w odniesieniu do osób młodych: She’s the brightest girl in the class.
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intelligent
□ intelligently /; US / adv. ▶ inteligentnie mądrze rozumnie
intelligent /ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt; US / adj. ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW having or showing the ability to understand, learn and think; clever All their children are very intelligent. an intelligent question ▶ inteligentny mądry rozumny pojętny
mieć zamiar, zamierzać
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to intend
They had intended staying in Wales for two weeks but the weather was so bad that they left after one. ▶ zamierzać mieć zamiar zamyślać
intend /ɪnˈtend; US / verb [t] 1intend to do sth/doing sth to plan or mean to do sth I’m afraid I spent more money than I had intended. I certainly don’t intend to wait here all day!
przeznaczać dla kogoś/czegoś
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intend sth for sb/sth
This dictionary is intended for intermediate learners of English. I didn’t intend you to have all the work. ▶ przeznaczać dla kogoś/czegoś chcieć/zamierzać, żeby ktoś coś zrobił
2intend sth for sb/sth; intend sb to do sth to plan, mean or make sth for a particular person or purpose You shouldn’t have read that letter – it wasn’t intended for you.
zamierzony, planowany
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intended, planned
2intended for sb/sth; intended as sth; intended to be/do sth planned or designed for sb/sth The book is intended for children. The notes are intended as an introduction to the course. ▶ przeznaczony jako coś dla kogoś/czegoś
intended /ɪnˈtendɪd; US / adj. [only before a noun] 1 that you are trying to achieve or reach the intended purpose The bullet missed its intended target. ▶ zamierzony planowany
intensywny, wielki
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intense, great
□ intensely /; US / adv. They dislike each other intensely. ▶ mocno głęboko skrajnie intensywnie —intensity /ɪnˈtensəti; US / noun [uncountable] I wasn’t prepared for the intensity of his reaction to the news. ▶ intensywność moc siła
intense /ɪnˈtens; US / adj. very great, strong or serious intense heat/cold/pressure intense anger/interest/desire ▶ wielki silny poważny intensywny
wzmacniać, pogłębiać się
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intensify
□ intensification /ɪnˌtensɪfɪˈkeɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ wzmacnianie (się) nasilanie (się)
intensify /ɪnˈtensɪfaɪ / verb [i, t] (intensified) to become or to make sth greater or stronger The government has intensified its anti-smoking campaign. Fighting in the region has intensified. ▶ wzmacniać (się) pogłębiać (się) przybierać na sile
intensywny, wzmożony
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intensive
2 (used about methods of farming) aimed at producing as much food as possible from the land or money available intensive agriculture ▶ intensywny
intensive /ɪnˈtensɪv; US / adj. 1 involving a lot of work or care in a short period of time an intensive investigation/course The course only lasted a week but it was very intensive. ▶ wzmożony intensywny
intensywna opieka medyczna, oddział intensywnej opieki medycznej
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intensive care
intensive ˈcare special care in hospital for patients who are very seriously ill or injured; the department that gives this care She was in intensive care for a week after the crash. ▶ intensywna opieka medyczna oddział intensywnej opieki medycznej
uważny, baczny
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intent
2intent on/upon sth/doing sth determined to do sth He’s always been intent on making a lot of money. She was so intent upon her work (była tak pochłonięta pracą) that she didn’t hear me come in. ▶ zdeterminowany oddany (czemuś) zawzięty (w robieniu
intent1 /ɪnˈtent; US / adj. 1 intent (on/upon sth) showing great attention He listened to the whole story with an intent expression on his face. ▶ uważny baczny
zamiar, cel
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intent
intent2 /ɪnˈtent; US / noun [uncountable] (formal) what sb intends to do; intention He was charged with possession of a gun with intent to commit a robbery. to do something with evil/good intent ▶ zamiar cel
zamiar, intencja
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intention
I have no intention of staying indoors on a nice sunny day like this. I borrowed the money with the intention of paying it back the next day. ▶ zamiar zamierzenie intencja
intention /ɪnˈtenʃn; US / noun [c, u] (an) intention (of doing sth/to do sth) what sb intends or means to do; a plan or purpose It’s still not clear what his intentions are when he leaves university. Our intention was to leave early in the morning.
zamierzony, umyślny
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intentional, intentionally
□ intentionally /-ʃənəli; US / adv. I can’t believe the boys broke the window intentionally. ▶ umyślnie celowo
intentional /ɪnˈtenʃənl; US / adj. done on purpose, not by chance I’m sorry I took your jacket – it wasn’t intentional! ▶ zamierzony umyślny celowy  SYNONYM  deliberate
oddziaływać
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interact
2 (used about two things) to have an effect on each other ▶ wywierać wzajemny wpływ na siebie
interact /ˌɪntərˈækt / verb [i] 1interact (with sb) (used about people) to communicate or mix with sb, especially while you work He is studying the way children interact with each other at different ages. ▶ oddziaływać (wzajemnie na siebie)
interakcja, oddziaływanie wzajemne
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interaction, mutual influence
□ interaction /; US / noun [uncountable, countable] interaction (between/with sb/sth) [uncountable] interaction between the two departments ▶ wzajemne oddziaływanie współdziałanie interakcja
interakcyjny
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interactive
2 involving direct communication both ways, between a computer, etc. and the person using it interactive computer games interactive TV ▶ interaktywny
interactive /ˌɪntərˈæktɪv; US / adj. 1 that involves people working together and having an influence on each other The college uses interactive language-learning techniques. ▶ interakcyjny
przejmować, przechwycać
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seize, intercept
□ interception /; US / noun [uncountable, countable] ▶ przechwytywanie przejmowanie (np. wiadomości) podsłuch (radiowy, telefoniczny)
intercept /ˌɪntəˈsept; US / verb [transitive] to stop or catch sb/sth that is moving from one place to another Detectives intercepted him at the airport. ▶ przechwytywać przejmować
zamienny, wymienny
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interchangeable
□ interchangeably /-əbli; US / adv. ▶ wymiennie zamiennie
interchangeable /ˌɪntəˈtʃeɪndʒəbl; US / adj. interchangeable (with sth) able to be used in place of each other without making any difference to the way sth works Are these two words interchangeable? ▶ zamienny wymienny
interkom
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intercom
intercom /ˈɪntəkɒm; US / noun [countable] a system of communication by radio or telephone inside an office, plane, etc.; the device you press or switch on to start using this system ▶ telefon wewnętrzny interkom
połączyć się
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interconnect
interconnect /ˌɪntəkəˈnekt/ verb [i, t] interconnect (A) (with B); interconnect A and B to connect similar things; to be connected to similar things electronic networks which interconnect thousands of computers around the world ▶ po/łączyć (się)
międzykontynentalny
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intercontinental
intercontinental /ˌɪntəˌkɒntɪˈnentl; US / adj. between continents intercontinental flights ▶ międzykontynentalny
międzywydziałowy
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interdepartmental
interdepartmental /ˌɪntəˌdi: pɑ: tˈmentl; US / adj. between departments; involving more than one department interdepartmental committees/meetings/rivalry ▶ międzywydziałowy
współzależny
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interdependent
interdependent economies/organizations ▶ współzależny □ interdependence /-əns; US / (also interdependency pl. -ies) noun [uncountable, countable] ▶ współzależność
interdependent /ˌɪntədɪˈpendənt; US / adj. depending on each other Exercise and good health are generally interdependent.
zainteresowanie
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interest
Don’t lose interest now! ▶ zainteresowanie
/ˈɪntrəst noun 1[u, sing.] an interest (in sb/sth) a desire to learn more about sb/sth or to be involved with sb/sth She’s begun to show a great interest in politics. I wish he’d take more interest in (bardziej zainteresował się) his children.
zainteresowanie
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interest
3[countable, usually pl.] something that you enjoy doing or learning about What are your interests and hobbies? ▶ zainteresowania
2[uncountable] the quality that makes sth interesting I thought this article might be of interest (ciekawy) to you. Computers hold no interest for me. places of historical interest ▶ zainteresowanie
odsetki
5[countable] a legal right to share in a business, etc., especially in its profits When he retired he sold his interests in the company. ▶ udział
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interest
Some companies offer interest-free (nieoprocentowane) loans. The interest rate (stopa procentowa) has never been so high/low. simple/compound interest odsetki proste/składane ▶ odsetki oprocentowanie procent
4 [u] interest (on sth) the money that you pay for borrowing money from a bank, etc. If you invest your capital wisely, it will earn a lot of interest (przyniesie wysokie procenty). We pay 6% interest on our mortgage at the moment.
intrest phr
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intrest phr
in the interest(s) of sth in order to achieve or protect sth In the interest(s) of safety, please fasten your seat belts. ▶ w imię (czegoś) ze względu (np. na bezpieczeństwo)
in sb’s interest(s) to sb’s advantage Using lead-free petrol is in the public interest. ▶ w (czyimś) interesie interest sb in sth to persuade sb to buy, have or do sth Can I interest you in our new brochure? ▶ zainteresować kogoś czymś
ciekawy, zainteresowany
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interested
I was interested to hear that you’ve got a new job. Where is it? She’s too young to be interested (aby już interesować się) in boys yet. I’m really not interested in going to university. ▶ ciekawy zainteresowany
interested /ˈɪntrəstɪd; US / adj. 1[not before a noun] interested (in sth/sb); interested in doing sth; interested to do sth wanting to know or hear more about sth/sb; enjoying or liking sth/sb They weren’t interested in my news at all!
ciekawy, interesujący
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interesting, interesting
It’s interesting that Luisa chose Peru for a holiday. ▶ ciekawy interesujący
interesting /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ; -trest-; US / adj. interesting (to do sth); interesting that... enjoyable and entertaining; holding your attention an interesting person/book/idea/job It’s always interesting to hear about the customs of other societies.
interfejs
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interface
2 a connection or computer program ▶ interfejs złącze 3 interface (between A and B) the point where two people, things, systems, etc. meet and affect each other the interface between manufacturing and sales ▶ złącze
interface /ˈɪntəfeɪs; US / noun [countable] 1 the way a computer program gives information to a user or receives information from a user, in particular the appearance of the screen the user interface ▶ interfejs
wtrącać się, mieszać się w
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interfere
2interfere (with sb/sth) to prevent sth from succeeding or to slow down the progress that sb/sth makes Every time the telephone rings it interferes with my work. She never lets her private life interfere with her career. ▶ przeszkadzać tamować
/ˌɪntəˈfɪə(r)/ verb [i] 1interfere (in sth) to get involved in a situation which does not involve you and where you are not wanted You shouldn’t interfere in your children’s lives – let them make their own decisions. ▶ wtrącać się mieszać się
wtrącanie się,
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interference,
2 extra noise (because of other signals or bad weather) that prevents you from receiving radio, TV or telephone signals clearly ▶ zakłócenia (np. atmosferyczne)□ interfering /; US / adj. She’s a nosy, interfering busybody! ▶ wścibski mieszający się
/ˌɪntəˈfɪərəns/ [un] 1interference (in sth) the act of getting involved in a situation that does not involve you and where you are not wanted I left home because I couldn’t stand my parents’ interference in my affairs. ▶ wtrącanie się mieszanie się
tymczasowy, przejściowy
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interim
interim2 /ˈɪntərɪm; US / noun  IDIOMS  in the interim in the time between two things happening; until a particular event happens ▶ tymczasem chwilowo tymczasowo
/ˈɪntərɪm/ adj. [only before a noun] not final or lasting; temporary until sb/sth more permanent is found an interim arrangement The deputy head teacher took over in the interim period until a replacement could be found. ▶ tymczasowy przejściowy
wnętrze, środek
2(the interior) [sing.] the central part of a country or continent that is a long way from the coast an expedition into the interior of Australia ▶ głąb (kraju)
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interior, center
3(the Interior) [sing.] a country’s own news and affairs that do not involve other countries the Department of the Interior ▶ sprawy wewnętrzne (kraju) □ interior adj. [only before a noun] interior walls ▶ wewnętrzny
interior /ɪnˈtɪəriə(r); US / noun 1 [countable, usually sing.] the inside part of sth I’d love to see the interior of the castle. ▶ wnętrze środek
dekorator wnętrz
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interior decorator
□ inˌterior decoˈration noun [uncountable] an interior decoration scheme We did all the interior decoration ourselves. ▶ wystrój wnętrz
inˌterior ˈdecorator noun [countable] a person whose job is to design and/or decorate a room or the inside of a house, etc. with paint, paper, carpets, etc. ▶ dekorator/ka wnętrz
projektowanie wnętrz
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interior design
inˌterior deˈsign noun [uncountable] the art or job of choosing colours, furniture, carpets, etc. to decorate the inside of a house ▶ projektowanie wnętrz □ interior designer noun [countable] ▶ projektant/ka wnętrz architekt wnętrz
małżeństwo mieszane
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intermarriage
intermarry /ˌɪntəˈmæri; US / verb [intransitive] (intermarrying; intermarries; past tense, past participle intermarried) to marry sb from a different religion, culture, country, etc. ▶ zawierać małżeństwo mieszane
□ intermarriage /ˌɪntəˈmærɪdʒ; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ małżeństwo mieszane
mediator
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intermediary
intermediary /ˌɪntəˈmi: diəri; US / noun [c] (pl. intermediaries) an intermediary (between A and B) a person or an organization that helps two people or groups to reach an agreement ▶ mediator/ka (zwł. w sporach) pośredni-k/czka rozjem-ca/czyni
pośredni
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intermediate
2 having more than a basic knowledge of sth but not yet advanced; suitable for sb who is at this level an intermediate student/book/level ▶ średnio zaawansowany
intermediate /ˌɪntəˈmi: diət; US / adj. 1 in between two things in position, level, etc. an intermediate step/stage in a process ▶ pośredni środkowy
niekończący się
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interminable
interminable /ɪnˈtɜ: mɪnəbl; US / adj. lasting for a very long time and therefore boring or annoying an interminable delay/speech The wait seemed interminable. ▶ niekończący się  SYNONYM  endless □ interminably /-əbli; US / adv. ▶ bez końca
antrakt, przerwa np. w teatrze
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intermission
intermission /ˌɪntəˈmɪʃn; US / noun [countable] (especially US) a short period of time separating the parts of a film, play, etc. ▶ przerwa antrakt
przerywany, przestankowy
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intermittent, intermittent
□ intermittently /; US / adv. ▶ sporadycznie z przerwami
intermittent /ˌɪntəˈmɪtənt; US / adj. stopping for a short time and then starting again several times There will be intermittent showers (opady przejściowe). ▶ przerywany przestankowy sporadyczny
internować
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intern
intern1 /ɪnˈtɜ: n; US / verb [transitive, usually passive] (formal) intern sb (in sth) to keep sb in prison for political reasons, especially during a war ▶ internować □ internment /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ internowanie
wewnętrzny
□ internally /-nəli; US / adv. This medicine is not to be taken internally (doustnie). The posts were advertised internally first. ▶ wewnętrznie
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internal
3 (used about political or economic affairs) inside a country a country’s internal affairs/trade/markets an internal flight ▶ wewnętrzny krajowy
/ɪnˈtɜ:nl/ adj. 1 [only before a noun] of or on the inside (of a place, person or object) internal injuries/organs ▶ wewnętrzny 2 happening or existing inside a particular organization an internal exam an internal police inquiry ▶ wewnętrzny
międzynarodowy
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international
□ internationally /-ʃənəli; US / adv. ▶ międzynarodowo na arenie międzynarodowej
international /ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl; US / adj. involving two or more countries an international agreement/flight/football match international trade/law/sport an international competition/championship ▶ międzynarodowy ⇨ look at local, national, regional
internet
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the Internet
I read about it on the Internet. Do you have Internet access? ▶ internet
Internet /ˈɪntənet; US (also informal the Net) noun [sing. the international system of computers that makes it possible for you to see information from all around the world on your computer and to send information to other computers
staż
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internship
2 a job that an advanced student of medicine, whose training is nearly finished, does in a hospital to get further practical experience ▶ staż (w szpitalu)
internship /ˈɪntɜ: nʃɪp; US / noun (US) 1 a period of time during which a student or new graduate gets practical experience in a job, for example during the summer holiday an internship at a television station ▶ staż ⇨ look at work experience
wtrącać
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interpolate
2[transitive] interpolate sth (into sth) to add sth to a piece of writing The lines were interpolated into the manuscript at a later date. ▶ wstawiać coś (do czegoś)
/ɪnˈtɜ:pəleɪt/ verb [t] (formal) 1 to make a remark that interrupts a conversation ‘ But why?’ he interpolated. ▶ wtrącać  SYNONYM  interject □ interpolation /ɪnˌtɜ:pəˈleɪʃn ; US / noun [uncountable, countable] ▶ wtrącanie wstawianie
objaśniać, rozumieć
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interpret
2[intransitive] interpret (for sb) to translate what sb is saying into another language as you hear it He can’t speak English so he’ll need somebody to interpret for him. ▶ tłumaczyć ustnie (z jednego języka na drugi)
interpret /ɪnˈtɜ: prɪt; US / verb 1 [transitive] interpret sth (as sth) to explain or understand the meaning of sth Your silence could be interpreted as arrogance. How would you interpret this part of the poem? ▶ objaśniać rozumieć
objaśnienie, interpretacja
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explanation, interpretation
2 the way an actor or musician chooses to perform or understand a character or piece of music a modern interpretation of ’Hamlet’ ▶ interpretacja
interpretation /ɪnˌtɜ: prɪˈteɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] 1 an explanation or understanding of sth Her evidence suggests a different interpretation of the events leading up to his death. What’s your interpretation of these statistics?
tłumacz ustny
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interpreter
interpreter /ɪnˈtɜ: prɪtə(r); US / noun [countable] a person whose job is to translate what sb is saying immediately into another language The President spoke to the crowd through an interpreter. ▶ tłumacz/ka ustn-y/a
przesłuchiwać
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interrogate
□ interrogator /ɪnˈterəɡeɪtə(r)/ noun [countable] ▶ osoba przesłuchująca —interrogation /ɪnˌterəˈɡeɪʃn [c, u] The interrogations took place in a small underground room. The prisoner broke down under interrogation and confessed. ▶ przesłuchanie
interrogate /ɪnˈterəɡeɪt; US / verb [transitive] interrogate sb (about sth) to ask sb a lot of questions over a long period of time, especially in an aggressive way The prisoner was interrogated for six hours. ▶ przesłuchiwać indagować
zaimek pytajny
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interrogative pronoun
interrogative2 /ˌɪntəˈrɒɡətɪv; US / noun [countable] a question word ‘ Who’, ‘ what’ and ‘ where’ are interrogatives. ▶ zaimek pytajny
przerywać, przeszkadzać
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interrupt, disturb
2[transitive] to stop the progress of sth for a short time The programme was interrupted by an important news flash. ▶ przerywać robić przerwę
interrupt /ˌɪntəˈrʌpt; US / verb 1[int, tr] interrupt (sb/sth) (with sth) to say or do sth that makes sb stop what they are saying or doing He kept interrupting me with silly questions. Don’t interrupt when I’m talking. ▶ przerywać przeszkadzać
przerwanie, zakłócenie
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interruption, disturbance
/ˌɪntəˈrʌpʃn/ [u, c] the act of interrupting sb/sth; the person or thing that interrupts sb/sth I’ve had so many interruptions this morning that I’ve done nothing! I need to work for a few hours without interruption. ▶ przerywanie zakłócanie
przecinać, krzyżować się
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intersect, intersect
intersection /ˌɪntəˈsekʃn; US / noun [countable] the place where two or more roads, lines, etc. meet or cross each other a dangerous/busy intersection ▶ skrzyżowanie punkt przecięcia się
intersect /ˌɪntəˈsekt; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] (used about roads, lines, etc.) to meet or cross each other The lines intersect at right angles. ▶ przecinać (się) krzyżować (się)
przeplatać, urozmaicać
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intersperse
intersperse /ˌɪntəˈspɜ: s; US / verb [transitive, usually passive] to put things at various points in sth He interspersed his speech with jokes. His speech was interspersed with jokes. ▶ przeplatać urozmaicać
przerwa, odstęp
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interval
2 a short break separating the different parts of a play, film, concert, etc. There will be two 15-minute intervals when the bar will be open. ▶ przerwa antrakt
interval /ˈɪntəvl; US / noun [c] ⇨ NOTE 1 a period of time between two events There was a long interval between sending the letter and getting a reply. ▶ przerwa odstęp
krótki okres
Rzeczownika break zwykle używa się w odniesieniu do przerw w pracy lub nauce, np. w biurze, fabryce lub szkole: a lunch/tea break • The children play outside in the breaks at school. • You’ve worked so hard you’ve earned a break.
Inne słowa o podobnym znaczeniu to intermission, break, recess, interlude i pause. W Br. ang. rzeczownik interval oznacza przerwę w przedstawieniu. Odpowiednik amerykański to intermission
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interval
at intervals with time or spaces between I write home at regular intervals. Plant the trees at two-metre intervals. ▶ w odstępach z przerwami
3[usually pl.] a short period during which sth different happens from what is happening for the rest of the time There will be a few sunny intervals (przejaśnienia) between showers today. ▶ krótki okres
interweniować,
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intervene,
2 to interrupt sb who is speaking ‘ Wait a minute,’ he intervened. ▶ przerywać wtrącać 3 (used about events, etc.) to happen in a way that delays sth If no further problems intervene, we should be able to finish in time. ▶ wydarzać się
intervene /ˌɪntəˈvi: n; US / verb [intransitive] 1intervene (in sth) to become involved in a situation in order to improve it She would have died if the neighbours hadn’t intervened. to intervene in a dispute ▶ interweniować mieszać się
interwencja, wtrącenie się
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intervention, interference
□ intervention /ˌɪntəˈvenʃn; US / noun [uncountable, countable] intervention (in sth) military intervention in the crisis ▶ interwencja mieszanie się wtrącanie się
rozmowa kwalifikacyjna
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interview
2an interview (with sb) a meeting at which a journalist asks sb questions in order to find out their opinion, etc. There was an interview with the Prime Minister on TV last night. ▶ wywiad (dziennikarski)
/ˈɪntəvju: ; US / noun [c] 1an interview (for sth) a meeting at which sb is asked questions to find out if they are suitable for a job, course of study, etc. Interviews will be held on June 10th. to attend an interview ▶ rozmowa kwalifikacyjna
przeprowadzać rozmowę kwalifikacyjną
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interview
2interview sb (about sth) to ask sb questions about their opinions, private life, etc. especially on the radio or TV or for a newspaper, magazine, etc. Next week, I will be interviewing Spielberg about his latest movie. ▶ przeprowadzać wywiad
interview2 /ˈɪntəvju:; US / verb [transitive] 1interview sb (for sth) to ask sb questions to find out if they are suitable for a job, course of study, etc. How many applicants did you interview for the job? ▶ przeprowadzać rozmowę kwalifikacyjną
osoba udzielająca wywiadu
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interviewee
interviewer /ˈɪntəvju:ə(r); US / noun [countable] a person who asks the questions in aninterview ▶ osoba przeprowadzająca wywiad/rozmowę kwalifikacyjną/przesłuchanie
interviewee /ˌɪntəvju:ˈi:; US / noun [countable] a person who is questioned in an interview ▶ kandydat/ka odbywając-y/a rozmowę kwalifikacyjną osoba udzielająca wywiadu osoba przesłuchiwana
jelito
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intestine
□ intestinal /ɪnˈtestɪnl; US ˌɪnteˈstaɪnl / adj. ▶ jelitowy
intestine /ɪnˈtestɪn; US / noun [countable, usually pl.] the tube in your body that carries food away from your stomach to the place where it leaves your body the small/large intestine ▶ jelito Mniej formalnym wyrazem jest gut.
zażyłość
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intimacy
intimacy /ˈɪntɪməsi; US / noun [uncountable] the state of having a close personal relationship with sb Their intimacy grew over the years. sexual intimacy intymność ▶ zażyłość
zażyły, serdeczny
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intimate, cordial
2 very private and personal They told each other their most intimate secrets. ▶ intymny najskrytszy 3 (used about a place, an atmosphere, etc.) quiet and friendly I know an intimate little restaurant we could go to. ▶ przytulny kameralny
intimate /ˈɪntɪmət; US / adj. 1 (used about people) having a very close relationship They’re intimate friends. Although we’ve known each other a long time, we’ve never been intimate. ▶ zażyły serdeczny bliski
blisko, poufale
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intimately
□ intimately /; US / adv. ▶ blisko poufale
zastraszać, przerażać
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to intimidate, to frighten
□ intimidating /; US / adj. The teacher had rather an intimidating manner. ▶ zastraszający onieśmielający przerażający —intimidation /ɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] The rebel troops controlled the area by intimidation. ▶ zastraszenie
intimidate /ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt; US / verb [transitive] intimidate sb (into sth/doing sth) to frighten or threaten sb, often in order to make them do sth She refused to be intimidated by their threats. ▶ zastraszać onieśmielać przerażać
nieznośny
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intolerable
□ intolerably /-əbli; US / adv. ▶ nieznośnie
intolerable /ɪnˈtɒlərəbl; US / adj. too bad, unpleasant or difficult to bear or accept The living conditions were intolerable. intolerable pain ▶ nieznośny nie do zniesienia/przyjęcia  SYNONYM  unbearable  OPPOSITE  tolerable
nietolerancyjny
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intolerant
□ intolerance /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ nietolerancja  OPPOSITE  tolerance —intolerantly /; US / adv. ▶ nietolerancyjnie
intolerant /ɪnˈtɒlərənt; US / adj. intolerant (of sb/sth) not able to accept behaviour or opinions that are different from your own; finding sb/sth too unpleasant to bear She’s very intolerant of young children. ▶ nietolerancyjny  OPPOSITE  tolerant
intonacja
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intonation
intonation /ˌɪntəˈneɪʃn; US / noun [countable, uncountable] the rise and fall of your voice while you are speaking ▶ intonacja
odurzony, upojony
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intoxicated, intoxicated
□ intoxication /ɪnˌtɒksɪˈkeɪʃn; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ odurzenie alkoholowe stan nietrzeźwy
intoxicated /ɪnˈtɒksɪkeɪtɪd; US / adj. (formal) 1 having had too much alcohol to drink; drunk ▶ w stanie nietrzeźwym 2 very excited and happy She was intoxicated by her success. ▶ odurzony upojony
wewnętrzna sieć komputerowa
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intranet
intranet /ˈɪntrənet; US / noun [countable] a system of computers inside an organization that makes it possible for people who work there to look at the same information and to send information to each other ▶ wewnętrzna sieć komputerowa
dożylny
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intravenous
□ intravenously /; US / adv. drugs injected intravenously to feed sb intravenously ▶ dożylnie
intravenous /ˌɪntrəˈvi: nəs; US / adj. (abbr. IV) (used about drugs or food) going into a vein intravenous fluids an intravenous injection an intravenous drug user ▶ dożylny
ciekawić, intrygować
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interesting, intrigue
□ intriguing /; US / adj. an intriguing story ▶ intrygujący fascynujący
intrigue1 /ɪnˈtri:ɡ; US / verb [transitive] to make sb very interested and wanting to know more The idea intrigues me – tell me more! I was intrigued by the way he seemed to know all about us already. ▶ ciekawić intrygować
knowanie, intryga
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plotting, intrigue
intrigue2 /ˈɪntri:ɡ; US / noun [countable, uncountable] secret plans to do sth, especially sth bad The film is about political intrigues against the government. His new novel is full of intrigue and suspense. ▶ intryga knowanie
intro
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intro
intro /ˈɪntrəʊ; US / noun [countable] (pl. -os) (informal) an introduction to sth, especially to a piece of music or writing ▶ wstęp
zapoznawać, przedstawiać się
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introduce
2introduce yourself (to sb) to tell sb you have met for the first time what your name is He came over and introduced himself to me. ▶ przedstawiać się
introduce /ˌɪntrəˈdju: s/ verb [t] 1introduce sb (to sb) to tell two or more people who have not met before what each other’s names are ‘ Who’s that girl over there?’ ‘ Come with me and I’ll introduce you to her.’ ▶ przedstawiać zapoznawać
przedstawiać, zapowiadać
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introduce
4introduce sb to sth to make sb begin to learn about sth or do sth for the first time This pamphlet will introduce you to the basic aims of our society. ▶ zapoznawać kogoś z czymś wprowadzać kogoś w coś
3 to be the first or main speaker on a radio or TV programme telling the audience who is going to speak The programme was introduced by Jeremy Paxman. May I introduce my first guest on the show tonight... ▶ przedstawiać zapowiadać (czyjś występ)
wprowadzać coś gdzieś
‘ Mrs Smith, this is my daughter, Jane.’ Nieformalna odpowiedź na przedstawienie kogoś komuś to Hello lub Nice/Pleased to meet you.
W obu sytuacjach używamy konstrukcji this is; nie używamy konsktrucji z he/she is lub here is (formal) ‘ May I introduce you. Dr Waters, this is Mr Jones. Mr Jones, Dr Waters.’ • (informal) ‘ John, meet Mary.’ • (informal)
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introduce sth in
The company is introducing a new range of cars this summer. a newly-introduced ban on smoking in public places Rabbits were first introduced (pierwsze króliki zostały przywiezione) to Australia in the 18th century. ▶ wprowadzać coś (gdzieś)
5introduce sth (in/into sth) to bring in sth new, use sth, or take sth to a place for the first time The new law was introduced in 1991.
wprowadzenie
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introduction
2[c, usually pl.] I think I’ll get my husband to make/do the introductions (dokonał prezentacji) – he’s better at remembering names! Once the introductions were over, we got straight down to business. ▶ przedstawianie zaznajamianie (kogoś z kimś)
introduction /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃn; US / noun 1 [uncountable] introduction of sth (into sth) the act of bringing in sth new; using sth or taking sth to a place for the first time the introduction of computers into the classroom ▶ wprowadzanie za/stosowanie
wprowadzenie, wstęp
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introduction, introduction
5[countable] an introduction (to sth) a book for people who are beginning to study a subject ‘ An Introduction to English Grammar’ ▶ wprowadzenie
3an introduction to sth first experience of sth My first job was not a pleasant introduction to work. ▶ wprowadzenie 4[c] the first part of a book which gives a general idea of what is going to follow a brief introduction ▶ wstęp przedmowa
wstępny, wprowadzający
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introductory, introductory
2 intended as an introduction to a subject or an activity introductory courses ▶ (kurs itp.) wprowadzający 3 offered for a short time only, when a product is first on sale an introductory price/offer ▶ (cena itp.) promocyjny
introductory /ˌɪntrəˈdʌktəri; US / adj. 1 happening or said at the beginning in order to give a general idea of what will follow an introductory speech/chapter/remark ▶ wstępny wprowadzający

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