Słowa na D-11

drone /drəʊn; US / verb [intransitive] to make a continuous low sound the sound of the tractors droning away in the fields ▶ warczeć buczeć □ drone noun [sing.] the drone of machinery ▶ warkot buczenie

drool /dru: l; US / verb [intransitive] 1 to let saliva come out from the mouth, usually at the sight or smell of sth good to eat ▶ ślinić się

droop /dru: p; US / verb [intransitive] to bend or hang downwards, especially because of weakness or because you are tired The flowers were drooping (więdły) without water. ▶ opadać omdlewać

drop1 /drɒp; US / verb (dropping; dropped) ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW 1[transitive] to let sth fall That vase was very expensive. Whatever you do, don’t drop it! The helicopters dropped (zrzuciły) food and medicine. ▶ upuszczać

3[intransitive, transitive] to become lower; to make sth lower The temperature will drop to minus 3 overnight. They ought to drop their prices. to drop your voice ▶ spadać obniżać (się) zniżać (się)

5[transitive] drop sb/sth (from sth) to no longer include sb/sth in sth Joe has been dropped from the team. ▶ wyrzucać usuwać pomijać

drop2 /drɒp; US / noun 1 [countable] a very small amount of liquid that forms a round shape a drop of blood/rain ▶ kropla 2[countable, usually sing.] a small amount of liquid I just have a drop of milk in my coffee. ▶ kropelka łyk

4[sing.] a distance down from a high point to a lower point a sheer drop of 40 metres to the sea ▶ spadek 5(drops) [pl.] liquid medicine that you put into your eyes, ears or nose The doctor prescribed me drops to take twice a day. ▶ krople

ˌdrop-down ˈmenu noun [countable] a list which appears on your computer screen and that stays there until you choose one of the functions on it ▶ menu rozwijane

dropout /ˈdrɒpaʊt; US / noun [countable] 1 a person who leaves school, university, etc. before finishing their studies a university with a high dropout rate ▶ ktoś, kto nie skończył szkoły, studiów itp.

dropper /ˈdrɒpə(r); US / noun [countable] a short glass tube that has a rubber end with air in it. A dropper is used for measuring drops of liquids, especially medicines. ▶ kroplomierz zakraplacz

droppings /ˈdrɒpɪŋz; US / noun [pl.] waste material from the bodies of small animals or birds rabbit droppings ▶ odchody bobki

drought /draʊt; US / noun [countable, uncountable] a long period without rain two years of severe drought ▶ susza

drown /draʊn; US / verb 1 [intransitive, transitive] to die in water because it is not possible to breathe; to make sb die in this way The girl fell into the river and drowned. Twenty people were drowned in the floods. ▶ topić (się) tonąć

drowsy /ˈdraʊzi; US / adj. (drowsier; drowsiest) tired and almost asleep The heat made me feel drowsy. ▶ senny śpiący

drug1 /drʌɡ / noun [coun]. It is illegal in many countries to use drugs He doesn’t take drugs. She suspected her son was on drugs (bierze narkotyki). hard drugs such as heroin and cocaine soft drugs ▶ narkotyk

drum1 /drʌm; US / noun [countable] 1 a musical instrument like an empty container with plastic or skin stretched across the ends. You play a drum by hitting it with your hands or with sticks She plays the drums (na perkusji) in a band. ▶ bęben

drum2 /drʌm; US / verb (drumming; drummed) 1[intransitive] to play a drum ▶ grać na bębnie

drummer /ˈdrʌmə(r); US / noun [countable] a person who plays a drum or drums ▶ perkusist-a/ka dobosz/ka

drumstick /ˈdrʌmstɪk; US / noun [countable] 1 a stick used for playing the drums ▶ pałeczka 2 the lower leg of a chicken or similar bird that we cook and eat ▶ nóżka (np. pieczonego kurczaka)

drunk1 /drʌŋk; US / adj. [not before a noun] ⇨ POSŁUCHAJ NAGRAŃ PRZYKŁADÓW having drunk too much alcohol to get drunk upijać się You’re drunk! ▶ pijany

drunken /ˈdrʌŋkən; US / adj. [only before a noun] 1 having drunk too much alcohol drunken drivers ▶ nietrzeźwy pijany 2 showing the effects of too much alcohol drunken singing ▶ pijacki

dry1 /draɪ; US / adj. (drier; driest) 1 without liquid in it or on it The washing isn’t dry yet. The paint is dry now. Rub your hair dry (wytrzyj włosy do sucha) with a towel. In the summer the stream ran dry (wysechł). ▶ suchy

4 not sweet a crisp dry white wine ▶ wytrawny 5 (used about what sb says, or sb’s way of speaking) amusing, although it sounds serious He has a dry sense of humour. Opowiada dowcipy z poważną miną. ▶ wypowiedziany z poważną miną

dry2 /draɪ; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] (drying; dries; past tense, past participle dried) to become dry; to make sth dry I hung my shirt in the sun to dry. to dry your hands on a towel ▶ suszyć (się) wycierać

ˌdry-ˈclean verb [transitive] to clean clothes using special chemicals, without using water ▶ czyścić chemicznie

ˌdry-ˈcleaner’s (also cleaner’s) noun [countable] the shop where you take your clothes to be cleaned ▶ pralnia chemiczna

dryer (also drier) /ˈdraɪə(r); US / noun [countable] [often in compounds] a machine that you use for drying sth a hairdryer a tumble dryer ▶ suszarka

ˌdry ˈland noun [uncountable] land, not the sea I was glad to be back on dry land again. ▶ stały ląd

dual /ˈdju:əl; US ˈdu:- / adj. [only before a noun] having two parts the dual role of mother and working woman to have dual nationality ▶ podwójny  SYNONYM  double

ˌdual ˈcarriageway (US diˌvided ˈhighway) noun [countable] a wide road that has an area of grass or a fence in the middle to separate the traffic going in one direction from the other direction ▶ droga/szosa szybkiego ruchu droga dwupasmowa

ˌdual-ˈpurpose adj. that can be used for two different purposes a dual-purpose vehicle The church is a modern dual-purpose building, both a place of worship and a community centre. ▶ dwufunkcyjny

dub /dʌb/ verb [tran] (dubbing; dubbed) 1 to give sb/sth a new or amusing name ▶ przezywać nazywać 2dub sth (into sth) to change the sound in a film so that what the actors said originally is spoken by actors using a different language

dubious /ˈdju: biəs; US ˈdu:- / adj. 1 dubious (about sth/about doing sth) not sure or certain I’m very dubious (mam poważne wątpliwości) about whether we’re doing the right thing. ▶ niepewny

duck1 /dʌk; US / noun (pl. ducks or duck) 1 [countable] a common bird that lives on or near water. Ducks have short legs, webbed feet for swimming and a wide beak. ▶ kaczka

duck2 /dʌk; US / verb 1 [intransitive, transitive] to move your head down quickly so that you are not seen or hit by sb/sth The boys ducked out of sight behind a high hedge. I had to duck my head down to avoid the low doorway. ▶ robić unik

duct /dʌkt; US / noun [countable] a tube that carries liquid, gas, etc. an air duct przewód wentylacyjny tear ducts gruczoły łzowe ▶ kanał przewód

due1 /dju:; US du: / adj. 1 due to sb/sth caused by or because of sb/sth His illness is probably due to stress. The strike was due to poor working conditions. ▶ spowodowany czymś/przez kogoś z powodu kogoś/czegoś

3[not before a noun] having to be paid The rent is due on the fifteenth of each month. ▶ płatny 4due (to sb) that is owed to you because it is your right to have it Make sure you claim all the benefits that are due to you. ▶ należny

duel /ˈdju:əl; US ˈdu:- / noun [countable] a formal type of fight with guns or other weapons which was used in the past to decide an argument between two men ▶ pojedynek

duet /djuˈet; US du- / (also duo) noun [countable] a piece of music for two people to sing or play ▶ duet

duke (also Duke) /dju: k; US du: k / noun [countable] a man of the highest social position the Duke of York ▶ książę ⇨ look at duchess, prince

dull /dʌl / adj. 1 not interesting or exciting; boring Life is never dull in the city. Miss Potter’s lessons are always so dull. ▶ nudny

□ dullness /; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ nuda szarość otępienie ospałość —dully /ˈdʌlli; US / adv. 1 in a dull way ▶ nieciekawie nudno 2 showing no interest Sheila didn’t answer. She just stared dully at me. ▶ tępo apatycznie

dummy /ˈdʌmi; US / noun [coun] (pl. dummies) 1 a model of the human body used for putting clothes on i a tailor’s dummy ▶ manekin 2 something that is made to look like sth else but that is not the real thing ▶ atrapa makieta

□ dummy adj. made to look real, although it is actually a copy which does not work dummy bullets ślepe naboje The robbers used dummy handguns in the raid. ▶ sztuczny podrobiony

/dʌmp / verb [tran] 1 to get rid of sth that you do not want, especially in a place which is not suitable Nuclear waste should not be dumped in the sea. I wish you wouldn’t keep dumping all the extra work on me. ▶ wyrzucać (i przen.) po(d)rzucać

dump2 /dʌmp; US / noun [countable] 1 a place where rubbish or waste material from factories, etc. is left a rubbish dump ▶ wysypisko śmieci

ˈdumper truck (US ˈdump truck) noun [countable] a lorry that carries material such as stones or earth in a special container which can be lifted up so that the load can fall out ▶ wywrotka

dumpling /ˈdʌmplɪŋ; US / noun [countable] a small ball of dough that is cooked and usually eaten with meat ▶ rodzaj kluski/knedla

dune /dju: n; US du: n / (also ˈsand dune) noun [countable] a low hill of sand by the sea or in the desert ▶ wydma diuna

dung /dʌŋ; US / noun [uncountable] waste material from the bodies of large animals cow dung ▶ łajno gnój nawóz

dungarees /ˌdʌŋɡəˈri: z;/ (US overalls) noun [pl.] a piece of clothing, similar to trousers, but covering your chest as well as your legs and with narrow pieces of cloth that go over the shoulders a pair of dungarees ▶ kombinezon spodnie ogrodniczki

dungeon /ˈdʌndʒən; US / noun [countable] an old underground prison, especially in a castle ▶ loch

dunk /dʌŋk; US / verb 1 [transitive] dunk sth (in/into sth) to put food quickly into liquid before eating it She sat reading a magazine, dunking cookies in her coffee. ▶ maczać (np. sucharek w herbacie)

duo /ˈdju:əʊ; US ˈdu:- / noun [countable] (pl. duos) 1 two people playing music or singing together ▶ duet 2= duet

duodenum /ˌdju:əˈdi: nəm; US / noun [countable] the first part of the small intestine, next to the stomach ▶ dwunastnica

duplicate1 /ˈdju: plɪkeɪt; US ˈdu:- / verb [transitive] 1 to make an exact copy of sth ▶ powielać kopiować 2 to do sth that has already been done We don’t want to duplicate the work of other departments. ▶ powielać dublować

duplicate2 /ˈdju: plɪkət; US ˈdu:- / noun [countable] something that is exactly the same as sth else ▶ kopia duplikat □ duplicate adj. [only before a noun] a duplicate key dorobiony klucz ▶ identyczny

durable /ˈdjʊərəbl; US ˈdʊər- / adj. that can last a long time a durable fabric ▶ trwały wytrzymały □ durability /ˌdjʊərəˈbɪləti; US / noun [uncountable] ▶ trwałość wytrzymałość

duration /djuˈreɪʃn; US du- / noun [uncountable] the time that sth lasts Please remain seated for the duration of the flight. ▶ czas trwania (czegoś)

duress /djuˈres; US du- / noun [uncountable] threats or force that are used to make sb do sth He signed the confession under duress. ▶ przymus

during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ; US ˈdʊər- / prep. within the period of time mentioned The audience must remain seated during the performance. During the summer holidays we went swimming every day. Grandpa was taken ill during the night (w nocy). ▶ podczas

dusk /dʌsk; US / noun [uncountable] the time in the evening when the sun has already gone down and it is nearly dark ▶ zmierzch ⇨ look at dawn, twilight

/dʌst/ noun [unc] very small pieces of dry dirt, sand, etc. in the form of a powder There is dust everywhere in our house. a thick layer of dust chalk/coal dust The tractor came up the track in a cloud of dust. a speck of dust pyłek ▶ kurz pył

dust2 /dʌst; US / verb [intransitive, transitive] to clean a room, furniture, etc. by removing dust with a cloth Let me dust those shelves before you put the books on them. ▶ ścierać kurze (z czegoś) wycierać (coś) z kurzu ⇨ note at clean2

dustbin /ˈdʌstbɪn; US / (US ˈgarbage can; ˈtrash can) noun [countable] a large container for rubbish that you keep outside your house ▶ (duży) pojemnik na śmieci śmietnik

dustcart /ˈdʌstkɑ: t; US / (US ˈgarbage truck) noun [countable] a vehicle for collecting rubbish from outside houses, etc. ▶ śmieciarka

duster /ˈdʌstə(r); US / noun [countable] a soft dry cloth that you use for cleaning furniture, etc. ▶ ścierka do kurzu

dustman /ˈdʌstmən; US / noun [countable] (pl. -men /-mən; US /) a person whose job is to take away the rubbish that people put in dustbins ▶ śmieciarz

dustpan /ˈdʌstpæn; US / noun [countable] a flat container with a handle into which you brush dirt from the floor Where do you keep your dustpan and brush? ▶ szufelka śmietniczka

dutiful /ˈdju: tɪfl; US ˈdu:- / adj. happy to respect and obey sb a dutiful son ▶ posłuszny obowiązkowy sumienny

duty /ˈdju: ti; US ˈdu:- / noun (pl. duties) 1[countable, uncountable] something that you have to do because people expect you to do it or because you think it is right A soldier must do his duty. a sense of moral duty ▶ obowiązek powinność

ˌduty-ˈfree adj. (used about goods) that you can bring into a country without paying tax an airport duty-free shop ▶ wolnocłowy bezcłowy □ duty-free adv. I bought this wine duty-free. ▶ bez cła ⇨ look at tax-free

duvet /ˈdu: veɪ; US / noun [countable] a thick cover filled with feathers or another soft material that you sleep under to keep warm in bed ▶ kołdra pierzyna ⇨ look at eiderdown, quilt

dwarf1 /dwɔ: f; US / noun [countable] (pl. dwarfs or dwarves /dwɔ: vz; US /) 1 (in children’s stories) a very small person Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs ▶ krasnoludek ka-rzełek/rliczka

dwarf2 /dwɔ: f; US / verb [transitive] (used about a large object) to make sth seem very small in comparison The skyscraper dwarfs all the other buildings around. ▶ pomniejszać przytłaczać

dweller /ˈdwelə(r); US / noun [countable] [in compounds] a person or an animal that lives in the place mentioned city dwellers ▶ mieszkan-iec/ka

dwindle /ˈdwɪndl; US / verb [intransitive] dwindle (away) to become smaller or weaker Their savings dwindled away to nothing (skurczyły się do zera). ▶ zmniejszać się słabnąć

dye1 /daɪ; US / verb [transitive] (dyeing; dyes; past tense, past participle dyed) to make sth a different colour Does she dye her hair? I’m going to dye this blouse black. ▶ farbować barwić

dye2 /daɪ; US / noun [countable, uncountable] a substance that is used to change the colour of sth ▶ farba barwnik

dyke (also dike) /daɪk; US / noun [countable] 1 a long thick wall that is built to prevent the sea or a river from covering low land with water ▶ grobla tama zapora

dynamic /daɪˈnæmɪk; US / adj. 1 (used about a person) full of energy and ideas; active ▶ prężny energiczny 2 (used about a force or power) that causes movement ▶ dynamiczny

dynamics /daɪˈnæmɪks; US / noun 1 [pl.] the way in which people or things behave and react to each other in a particular situation ▶ (przen.) dynamika

dynamite /ˈdaɪnəmaɪt; US / noun [uncountable] 1 a powerful substance which can explode ▶ dynamit 2 a thing or person that causes great excitement, shock, etc. His news was dynamite. ▶ dynamit bomba

dynamo /ˈdaɪnəməʊ; US / noun [countable] (pl. dynamos) a device that changes energy from the movement of sth such as wind or water into electricity ▶ dynamo (maszyna) prądnica

dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti; US ˈdaɪ- / noun [countable] (pl. dynasties) a series of rulers who are from the same family the Ming dynasty in China ▶ dynastia

dysentery /ˈdɪsəntri; US -teri / noun [uncountable] a serious disease which causes you to have diarrhoea and to lose blood ▶ czerwonka dyzenteria

dyslexia /dɪsˈleksiə; US / noun [uncountable] a difficulty that some people have with reading and spelling ▶ dysleksja □ dyslexic /; US / 1 noun [countable] ▶ dyslekty-k/czka 2 adj. ▶ dyslektyczny