Oliwia

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NEOLOGISM
the study of the origin and history
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ETYMOLOGY
Taking over of words from other languages.  One of the most common sources of new words in English.
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BORROWING
Joining of two separate words to produce a single form.
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COMPOUNDING
It takes only the beginning of one word and joins it to the end of the other word.
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BLENDING
When a word of more than one syllable is reduced to a shorter form
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CLIPPING
A particular type of reduction, favored in Australian and British English.  A longer word is reduced to a single syllable.  -y or –ie is added to the end
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HYPOCORISMS
A word of one type (usually a noun) is reduced to form another word of different type (usually a verb).
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BACKFORMATION
Category change or functional shift.  A change in the function in the word  E. g when a noun comes to be used as a verb.
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CONVERSION
Is not very common in English.  The invention of totally new terms.  Typical sources are trade names for commercial products that become general terms for any version of that product.
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COINAGE
Words formed from the initial letters of a set of other words.
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ACRONYMS
Added to the beginning of the word.
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PREFIXES
Added to the end of the word.
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SUFFIXES
New words are formed to be similar in some way to existing words.
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ANALOGY
new words based on the name of a person or a place
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EPONYMS
the study of form and structure of words, the type of investigation that analyzes all those basic “elements” (morphemes) used in a language
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MORPHOLOGY
morphemes that can stand by themselves as single words.
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FREE MORPHEMES
morphemes which cannot normally stand alone, but which are typically attached to another form.
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BOUND MORPHEMES
Set of ordinary nouns, adjectives and verbs which carry the 'content' on messages we convey.  We can add new lexical morphemes to the language rather easily, so they are treated as an “open” class of words
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LEXICAL MORPHEMES
Set that consists largely of functional words in the language such as conjunctions, prepositions, articles, pronouns.  We almost never add functional morphemes to the language, they describe as a “closed” class od words.
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FUNCTIONAL MORPHEMES
the actual form used to realize morphemes
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MORPH
any of the phonological representations of a single morpheme.
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ALLOMORPHS
* the study of the meaning of words, phrases and sentences (objective & general meaning, not subjective and local)
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SEMANTICS

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