Legal english

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prawo deliktowe
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tort law
this part of law regulates making claims for compensation by People who were hurt or whose property was damaged
prawo zobowiązań
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law of contract
this part of laws sets rules on agreements to buy and sell goods and services
prawo wlasności
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property law
states the rights and obligations that a person has when they buy sell or rent homes and buldings
praca naukowa
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dissertation
orzecznictwo sądu najwyższego USA
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US Supreme Court Decidion making
prawo handlowe
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commercial law
prawo spółek
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company law
prawo zatrudnienia i praktyka
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employment law and practice
prokurator okręgowy
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district attorney
works for stage and prosecutes People on behalf of it
obrońca
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defence attorney
act on behalf of their clients
prokurator
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prosecution counsel
prokurator
adwokat / obrońca
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defence counsel
doradca
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counsellor
person whose job is to give advice, care and support
kancelaria adwokacka
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chambers
adwokatura
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bar
staż aby zostać barrister
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pupillage (UK aby zostać barrister)
arbiter
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adjudicator
someone who adjudicates in legal case or dispute, makes an official decision about a problem or disagreement
adwokat
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solicitor
lawyer who usually works in an office but may also work in some courts of law
adwokat
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advocate
lawyer whose job to represent clients in courts in Scotland
adwokat
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counsel
lawyer who is representing a client in court, counsel for the defencce and counsel for the prosecution
komornik
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bailiff
official who take away someone's possessions when they owe money
sędzia
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justice
sadownictwo
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judiciary
arbiter
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arbitrator
someone who is officially chosen to hear both sides of an argument and to make a decision about what should be done
sekretarz
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clerk
looks after the documents in a law court
protokolant
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recorder
a person in a British law court who makes an official record of what is said in a court
sędzia pokoju
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magistrate
judge in court for minor crimes
obrona
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defence
People who Try to prove that someone is not guilty
notariusz
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notary
someone who has the legal authority to make a document official
prokuratura
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prosecution
People in court who try to prove that someone is gulity
praktykant adwokacki
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paralegal
person with legal training whose job is to help a lawyer
koroner
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coroner
official whose job is to decide officially how a person died, especially if they died in a sudden or violent way
uchwalać ustawę
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pass a law
wchodzić w życie
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become law
egzekwować prawo
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enforce the law
zgodnie z prawem
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by law/ according to the law
wbrew prawu
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be against the law
zgodnie z obowiązującymi przepisami
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within the law
prawo cywilne
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civil law
deals with disagreement between private individuals
prawo pisane
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statute law
legislation or laws created by the government
prawo zwyczajowe
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common law
Law based on previous legal Decidions(precedents) and tradition
orzeczony sądownie
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injuctive
prawo powiernicze
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trust law
sets out the rules for money that is put into an investment, such as pension funds
prawo konstytucyjne
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constitutional law
this part of law sets rules on how governments are run and Civil rights
prawo administracyjne
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administrative law
this part of law regulates the relations between citizens and the government and specifies how citizen can challange government decisions
prawo miedzynarodowe
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international law
this part of law sets out rules on how countries interact in areas such as trade, environment and war
oskarżyć/ postawić zarzut w sądzie
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charge somebody
oskarżony
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accused/ defendant
przyznać się do winy lub nie
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plead guilty or not guilty
zeznania
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testimony
uznany przez sąd winnym
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found guilty
skazywać
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to sentence
powód
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claimant = (US) petitioner
powód
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plaintiff
odszkodowanie
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compensation
roszczenie, skarga
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claim
wytoczyć komuś proces
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bring a case against someone
bronić przed sądem
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defend a case
rozpatrywać sprawę
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consider a case
prowadzić sprawę
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handle a case
oddać sprawę do sądu
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prosecute a case
when the prosecution decides to press charges and asks the court to hear the case
oddalać sprawę
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dismiss a case
polubownie rozwiązać sprawę
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settle a case
wycofać sprawę
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drop a case
stawiać się (w sądzie)
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stand trial
być sądzonym
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be on trial
proces o oszustwo
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fraud trial
nieważne postępowanie sądowe
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mistrial
sprawa przed ławą przysięgłych
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trial by jury
pozwać kogoś
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to sue SB
krzyżowy ogień pytań
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cross-examine
aresztować
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to apprehend
zadośćuczynienie
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relief
odstraszać
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deter
nakaz sądowy
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injunction
odszkodowanie kompensacyjne
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compensatory
uniewinnić
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to acquit sb
uniewinnienie
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acquittal
domniemywać
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allege
kaucja
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bail
naradzać się
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deliberate
wyrok w zawieszeniu
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suspended sentence
obciążać kogoś winą
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incriminate
wykroczenie
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an offence
wyrokować
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pass a sentence
krzywoprzysięstwo
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perjury
niepoczytalność
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insanity
zatrzymać w areszcie
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remand in custody
skazaniec
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a convict
naoczny swiadek
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an eye-witness
świadczyć
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bear witness
zasilek dla bezrobotnych
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unemployment compensation
nieuczciwe zwolnienie z pracy
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unfair dismissal
occurs where for example, the employer fails to give a valid reason for the dismissal
bezpodstawne zwolnienie z pracy
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wrongful dismissal
occurs where the employer fails to give proper notice of termination or fails to follow the guidelines for termination contained in the employment contract.
zwolnienie z powodu redukcji etatów
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redundancy dismissal
is a form of dismissal from your job, caused by your employer needing to reduce the workforce
wymuszone zwolnienie
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constructive dismissal
is when an employee is forced to quit their job against their willbecause of their employer's conduct
czas określony
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Fixed-term
czas nieokreślony
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indefinite term
równa płaca
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equal pay
zbiorowe zwolnienia
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collective redundancies
układy zbiorowe
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collective agreements
rokowania zbiorowe
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collective bargaining
prawnie wiążące
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legally binding
umowy rozporządzające
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contracts of disposition
umowa nazwana
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nominate contract
is a specific contract which can be found in civil law regulations. Most of such regulated and named types of contract can be found in Polish Civil Code.
umowa nienazwana
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innominate contract
is a contract which is not identified as any of the regulated forms of nominate contracts
naruszona
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breached
wykonana
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performed
odwołana
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cancelled
zawarta
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concluded
zmieniona
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altered
pozostała w mocy
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in force
rozwiązana
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terminated
wiążąca
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binding
podpisana
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signed
scedowana
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assigned
sporządzona
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drawn up
zaniedbanie lekarskie
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medical negligence
uszkodzenie na skutek niedbalstwa
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negligent damage to private property
nieprawdziwe oświadczenie wprowadzające w błąd
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negligent misstatements causing financial loss
groźba napaści, umyślna próba lub grożenie innej osobie wyrządzeniem szkody na jej rzecz. (zagrożenie nietykalności osobistej)
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assault
nielegalne dotknięcie innej osoby
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battery
wdarcie się; naruszenie, przekroczenie, niedozwolone przez prawo naruszenie nietykalności osobistej, własności lub innych praw innej osoby
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trespass
wprowadzenie w błąd
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fraudulent misrepresentation
nieuczciwe praktyki handlowe - wymierzone przeciw konsumentom,
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unfair business practices
zawinione spowodowanie śmierci na skutek uszkodzenia ciała lub wywołania rozstroju zdrowia
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wrongful death
oszustwo
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fraud
sprzeniewierzenie, malwersacja (fraudulent conversion of funds)
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conversion
zniesławienie, oszczerstwo; zniesławienie– delikt polegający na szkodzie spowodowanej słowem, wyrządzonej reputacji danej osoby
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defamation
nieostrożna jazda
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reckless driving
zaniedbanie zawodowe, niedołożenie należytej staranności podczas wykonywania obowiązków zawodowych
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professional negligence
naruszenie porządku publicznego(public nuisance); nadużycie prywatne (private nuisance)
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nuisance
bezpodstawne uwięzienie
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false imprisonment
świadome spowodowanie cierpienia
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intential infliction of emotional distress
odpowiedzialność z tytułu wad produktu – odpowiedzialność strony lub stron uczestniczących w procesie wytwarzania produktu za szkody spowodowane przez ten produkt
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product liability
nakłaniać podstępem, skłaniać za pomocą podstępu (twierdzenie niezgodne z prawdą), delikt oszustwa
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deceit

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