Jesień 2022

 0    101 fiche    karolinakaj
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questão resposta
bodziec, motywacja, zachęta
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incentive
Instead of money bonuses, more and more companies decide to use electronic gadgets as incentives for the best workers.
pogróżka zagrożenie / zagrożenie niebezpieczeństwo x2
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threat threat / peril peril
The men was described as a hardened criminal who possed a serious threat to the public
inicjały / początkowy / początkowo
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initials / initial / initially
podyplomowy
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postgraduate
zbyt nisko oszacować (coś), nie doceniać (czegoś), bagatelizować
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underestimate
Initially, the industry underestimated the utility of unmanned aerial vehicles. He underestimated how long it would take them to get there.
liczny
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numerous
A serious storm caused numerous accidents on roads. My boss made numerous changes in personnel.
warunek wstępny, warunek zasadniczy, wymóg, oficjalnie / potocznie
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prerequisite, prerequisition / prereq
You have to sign this contract as a prerequisite for our negotiations.
utknąć w rutynie, popaść w rutynę / utknąć x2
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(stuck) in a rut, get stuck in a rut / be stuck, get stuck
Dave is stuck in a rut and has to decide what to do with his life.
prosperujący, kwitnący x4
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thriving, booming, blooming, flourishing
dotrzymać obietnicy
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deliver on a promise
ukuć, wymyślić (np. powiedzenie), moneta
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coin, coin
zasoby, środki
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resources
He doesn't have any resources to buy a new car.
pozornie, na pierwszy rzut oka
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seemingly
He is seemingly nice, but don't let that fool you.
trzymać kogoś w niewiedzy, być w niewiedzy
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keep sb in the dark, be in the dark
sojusznik, sprzymierzeniec
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ally, ally, ally
She knew she had found an ally in Ted.
zależny od x2, być zależnym od
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be dependent on, reliant on / be reliant on sth
reliant on the weather
znaczny, niemały x2
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considerable, significant
They have made considerable progress recently.
przedsięwzięcie, interes
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venture
He seems to have put his heart into the venture.
przychód / dochód (przychód minus koszty podatkowe)
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revenue / income
You must declare your revenue on your income tax form.
zaleta x2
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advantage, asset
nadchodzący
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upcoming
zatem
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therefore
podjąć ostateczne zobowiązanie
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make a final commitment
Zobowiązanie finansowe
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Financial commitment
szereg, seria kosztownych błędów
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a number of costly mistakes
zaćmienie (słońca, księżyca), też przyćmić zepchnąć na drugi plan
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eclipse (solar eclipse, lunar eclipse) / to eclipse
I was the most talented one until he eclipsed me. partial lunar eclipse
i tak jest w tym przypadku
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it's obviously the case
bezpośredni przełożony x2
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immediate boss, line manager
podnieść, poruszyć konkretne kwestie
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bring up particular points
zakłócać, kolidować ale też wpływać na kogoś (np. na świadka, aby złożył fałszywe zeznania
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interfere with, interfere with sb
Mum says I can get a job if it doesn’t interfere with my homework.
przejście dla pieszych x2
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a pedestrian crossing, zebra crossing
strefa przemysłowa x2
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industrial zone, industrial estate
przesłanka, założenie
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premise
The idea that there is life on other planets is the central premise of the novel.
kompromis x2
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compromise, give-and-take
• So I think there was more give and take between our performing than any other relationship.
sprzeczny, niespójny x2 / spójny
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contradictory, inconsistent / consistent
I don't understand him, his arguments are inconsistent. To be a good teacher, you have to be consistent.
wymijający, zawoalowany, wymijający (o wypowiedzi) x2
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indirect, evasive
evasive answers/comments/replies. Tessa was evasive about why she had not been at home that night.
trudny, żmudny o zadaniu
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arduous task, arduous task, arduous task
mieszkaniec x2 / obywatel x2
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an inhabitant, city dweller / citizen, national
wszechobecny, powszechny, rozpowszechniony, wszędobylski oficjalnie
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ubiquitous, ubiquitous, ubiquitous
Computers are becoming ubiquitous in our society.
od niepamiętnych czasów, x2 stary jak świat x2
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since time immemorial, from time immemorial / as old as the hills, as old as time
zbędny (o wyjaśnieniach), nadmierny (o dekoracji) oficjalnie, niepotrzebny
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superfluous, superfluous, superfluous, unnessesary
The report was overloaded by a mass of superfluous detail. I feel superfluous here.
niesłabnący, niesłabnące wsparcie, niesłabnąca energia
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unflagging, unflagging support, unflagging energy
I must also thank Mr Smith for his unflagging help over many years.
nieodwołalny, nieodwracalny x2
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irrevocable, irrevocable, irreversible, irreversible
Your decision to quit the job is irrevocable.
niezależnie od x2
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irrespective of, regardless of
The course is open to anyone, irrespective of age. The law requires equal treatment for all, regardless of race, religion, or sex.
jasny, wyraźny, dobitny, (np. o sformułowaniu) jawny, otwarty, bez ogródek (np. o wypowiedzi)
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explicit, explicit, explicit
The contrast could not have been made more explicit.
wieczny, wieloletni, nieprzemijający, odwieczny
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perennial
the perennial problem of water shortage
nieustający, nieustanny (np. płacz), bezwzględny (o zachowaniu), surowy (np. władca), nieugięty (o osobie)
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relentless
Hugh felt the relentless sun on his back.
utrzymujący się, trwały, niezmienny, ciągły, utrzymywać sie w sensie trwać
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persistent, persistent / persist, persist
I am fed up with this persistent rain. If the pain persists, call the nurse.
nęcący, kuszący, wabiący x2
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enticing, enticing tempting, tempting
The offer was too enticing to refuse. An enticing smell came from the kitchen. A weekend in Rome? Sounds tempting!
dogadzać komuś, żeby mu się przypodobać, ulegać czyimś kaprysom
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Pander to somebody or something,
nieustraszony, dzielny np. o poszukiwaczu przygód x2
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intrepid, intrepid, fearless, fearless
wzbudzać strach, zastraszyć / przerażający, zastraszający
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intimidate / intimidating
dociekliwy, ciekawski, wścibski
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inquisitive
przekraczać (oczekiwania), przechodzić (wyobrażenie), przewyższać (siłą, rozumem), być lepszym (od innych)
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surpass, surpass, surpass
The results surpassed all our expectations.
szum medialny ale też narkoman, narkomanka
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hype
Despite the media hype, I found the film very disappointing.
chwyt, sztuczka, trick
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ploy
a clever marketing ploy
powstrzymywać, przeszkadzać, utrudniać, ograniczać, bruździć x3
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hinder, humper, impede
I thought I'd have so many things to love and nothing to hinder me. Storms at sea impeded our progress.
ślęczyć po nocach, pracować do późnej nocy
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burn the midnight oil
szkodliwy, krzywdzący x3 / przynosić komuś szkodę oficjalnie
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detrimental, deleterious, deleterious, adverse/be detrimental to somebody
These chemicals have a detrimental impact on the environment
zasadniczo x2
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essentially, basically
I essentially support what has been said about both countries. We must remember that trade is essentially a good thing.
jednorazowy x2 / wielorazowy, wielokrotnego użytku
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disposable, one-off / repeated reusable
bezcelowy, bezsensowny, jałowy
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pointless
It's pointless argueing with him. He won't understand anything
wynikać z czegoś / łodyga rośliny
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stem from sth / stem
Our issues stem from his alcoholism
pogrążony w myślach oficjalnie
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ruminative
in a ruminative mood
w następstwie, w ślad za czymś, w wyniku czegoś
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in the wake of sth
An inquiry has been set up in the wake of the crash.
pogarszać, zaostrzać, powodować nasilenie, powodować pogorszenie (np. samopoczucia) x3
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exacerbate, exacerbate, deteriorate, deteriorate, get worse, The situation is getting worse.
I don’t want to exacerbate the situation. In everyday English we usually say get worse rather than deteriorate. Her health got worse. Meanwhile, prison conditions have deteriorated and the public has lost confidence in the criminal justice system
ból, cierpienie, rozpacz, też nędza, życie w nędzy
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distress
I didn't mean to cause you distress.
bezwzględny, podły, nikczemny
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vicious
Their words were so vicious that she cried.
odkładać na później, zaniechać, też odkładać na półkę (np. książkę)
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shelve
wspólność
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commonality
They found a commonalities in discussing their experiences.
podatny, narażony na coś, czuły, podatny x3
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vulnerable / prone to / susceptible
zależny od czegoś, uwarunkowany, być zależnym od czegoś oficjalnie - not depend on
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contingent on something, be contingent on something
przypisywać coś, przyporządkowywać, przydzielać, (np. zadanie lub pracę do wykonania dla kogoś)
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assign
I'll assign these tasks after the break
makabryczny, przerażający, okropny, straszny
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gruesome
Police described it as a particularly gruesome attack. Spare me the gruesome details.
przypominać, przywoływać
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evoke
The movie evokes a simpler time when life was less complicated.
niechęć, niechętny
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reluctance, reluctant
Doris seemed reluctant to join the discussion.
wybitny, wyróżniający się
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outstanding
Your work is outstanding, so you deserve a pay raise
rozległy, szeroki, wszechstronny (np. zainteresowania) x2
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catholic, versatile
She stands out with catholic interests. Few foods are as versatile as cheese.
nieuchronnie, nieuniknienie / nieuchronny, nieunikniony / nadciągający, bliski, nieuchronny
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inevitably, inevitably / inevitable, inevitable, imminent, imminent
This will inevitably lead to the closing of small businesses. It was inevitable that she would find out the truth. The company is in imminent danger of collapse
prawdopodobny, wiarygodny, przekonujący x6
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plausible, plausible, viable, viable, feasible, probable, possible, likely
Which was more plausible?
przestraszony, zlękniony, wylękniony, bojaźliwy x4
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fearful, apprehensive, shy, timid
obfity, bogaty, sowity x3 / porzucony opuszczony
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abundant, plentiful, profuse / abandoned
The food was abundant and delicious. During the summer tomatoes are plentiful and cheap. Profuse sweating is one of the symptoms of heat exhaustion
w idealnym stanie, w nienaruszonym stanie
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pristine
I bought a 5-month-old washing machine in a pristine condition.
osłupiały, zdumiony (potocznie)
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flabbergasted
Doctors said they were flabbergasted at the decision to close the hospital.
monotonny, żmudny (o zajęciu) synonim: long
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tedious, tedious, tedious
nieciekawy, nudny przyziemny, prozaiczny synonim boring
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mundane
mundane life. The mundane task of setting the table can be fun on holidays.
mieć talent, do robienia czegoś / mieć smykałkę do robienia czegoś x3
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have a knack for doing something, have a flair for something, have an aptitude for something
He has a knack of saying the wrong thing. Jo has a flair for languages.
rozmaity, różnorodny, pomieszany
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miscellaneous, miscellaneous, misc.
They receive a grant of £1,094 to cover the cost of miscellaneous expenses. a miscellaneous assortment of books
płodny (o artyście, pisarzu) wyborowy, doskonały (o strzelcu, np. piłkarzu) płodny, plenny, bujny (o roślinności, zwierzętach) / płodny mogący mieć dzieci, też żyzny, urodzajny
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prolific, prolific / fertile, fertile, fertile
Reports show that men are more fertile in the winter. One of the most prolific periods in her career. Picasso was extremely prolific during his Cubist years.
zaświtać komuś w głowie p.v. przyjść komuś do głowy x2, docierać
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dawn on somebody, occur to sb, it dawned on me
A great idea dawned on him. A great plan occurred to me.
podatny na (np. choroby) / podatny (na chorobę), podatny (na pochlebstwa) wrażliwy (np. na temperaturę)
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prone to / susceptible, susceptible, susceptible
Some plants are very prone to disease. Soil on the mountain slopes is very susceptible to erosion.
zdrowy, silny, krzepki, rosły (o człowieku) solidny (o urządzeniu) zdecydowany intensywny, mocny, bogaty (o smaku)
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robust, robust
Robust scrutiny is what we need right now.
zachwycająco, oszałamiająco x2
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stunningly, gorgeously
He has stunningly beautiful eyes.
wykorzystać jak najefektywniej not p.v.
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leverage, leverage
He will be trying to leverage him to get an advantage.
bujny (np. o roślinności) drogi, luksusowy, bogaty dobry, atrakcyjny / rzęsa
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lush, lush/ lash, eyelash
The countryside was green and lush. She lowered her eyelashes.
wcześniejszy, uprzedni / wcześniejszy not before
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prior / prior to
I wasn't able to attend because of a prior plan.
upoważniony umocowany, władny
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empowered, empowered /be empowered to do something
The president is empowered to appoint judges to the Supreme Court.
środek doraźny, środek zaradczy
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expedient, expedient / expedient to do something
This solution is politically expedient but may well cause long-term problems. expedient to do something
stanowisko (w jakiejś kwestii), pozycja, postawa
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stance, stance on / Stance against
What is your stance on environmental issues? Strong stance against abortion
dążyć do czegoś, walczyć o coś
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strive for sth
We must continue to strive for greater efficiency.
zabroniony, zakazany, niedozwolony x2
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illicit, forbidden
Alcohol is illicit for children

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