HUB - C1 - Unit 1, 2 and 3

separatista, escapada, escindido

breakaway

ruptura, colapso, desglose

breakdown

descubrimiento, adelanto, avance

breakthrough

ruptura, fuga

breakout

Está relacionado

It's relating

La tele está erosionando el barrio

TV is eroding the neighbourhood

Ancho, holgado (adj)

baggy

informal, casual, relajado (adj) - clothes are comfortable and suitable for wearing in informal situations

casual

disfraz (n) - clothes that you wear at a fancy dress party, pretending to be a famous person, an animal, a character from a story, etc.

costume

código de vestimenta, etiqueta (n) - a set of rules about what you should wear in a particular place or at a particular event

dress code

to be correct, suitable or sensible in relation to people in general or a particular group of people - "para encajar con la multitud"

to fit in with the crowd

conjunto de ropa - a set of clothes that are worn together

outfit

desaliñado, descuidado, dejado (adj) - untidy or dirty

scruffy

Destacar entre la multitud - to be very different and easy to notice

to stand out from the crowd

seguidor de tendencias - someone who behaves in a way that is in fashion

trend follower

creador de tendencias - someone or something that starts a new fashion

trendsetter

uniforme - a set of clothes that you wear to show that you are part of a particular organisation or school

uniform

a la larga, a largo plazo - not immediately but at some time in the future

in the long run

fuera de la plataforma (disponible) - available to buy without being ordered or designed for a particular customer

off-the-shelf

con un presupuesto ajustado - to do something with a small amount of money

on a tight budget

miseria, nada (cacahuetes) - a very small amount of money

peanuts

sin costura, sin fisuras - changing or continuing very smoothly and without stopping

seamless

PV: to buy something as soon as it becomes available

to snap sth up

hecho a medida - designed for a particular person or group of people

tailor-made

tirar dinero por el desagüe - to waste money by spending it on something useless

throw money down the drain

Llamar la atención de alguien

to catch sb's eye

Slang: Nervioso, alterado, estresado - nervous and worried

wound up

poco profesional, de amateur, chapucero - done or made without much skill

amateurish

bastante grande - quite big

biggish

propenso a los desastres - likely to be affected by a disaster or misfortune

disaster-prone

hiperinfluyente - extremely able to influence the way people think or behave

hyper-influential

reeditar - to edit something again

re-edit

Super afortunado - extremely fortunate

super-lucky

experto en tecnología - able to understand and use technology well

tech-savvy

reactivar el sonido - to turn the sound back on an electronic device

unmute

fácil de usar - a system or piece of equipment is easy to use or understand

user-friendly

Plays nervously with her hands "Ella nerviosamente cierra y abre las manos"

She nervously clasps and unclasps her hands

el futuro novio

the prospective bridegroom

todo está parado

everything is at a standstill

She finally starts to cry - "los ojos llenos de lagrimas"

the tears brimming over

el tipo, el hombre, el sujeto

the fellow

contador, contable

accountant

carpintero

carpenter

pinchadiscos, dj

disc jockey

electricista

electrician

ingeniero

engineer

blibliotecario

librarian

mecánico

mechanic

músico

musician

farmacéutico

pharmacist

físico (profesión)

physician

agente de policía

police officer

político

politician

programador

programmer

reportero (profesión)

reporter

inspector

surveyor

veterinario

veterinarian

diseñador web (profesión)

web designer

en el fin de semana

at weekend (on weeken - USA)

Verb pattern - finish

finish + -ing

en el primer piso

on the first floor

tren subterráneo (Metro)

tube

escupir

to spit

paquetes, fardos, bultos

bundles

bañador, calzoncillos

trunks

empleado, recepcionista, dependiente, funcionario

clerk

publicly written and talked about in an admiring way (aclamado-ovacionado)

acclaimed

very bad or disappointing (pésimo, espantoso, terrible)

appalling

extremely good (increíble, impresionante)

awesome

using new methods or achieving new results (revolucionario-pionero)

groundbreaking

extremely funny (graciosisimo, hilarante, regocijante, divertidísimo)

hilarious

very famous and well-known, and believed to represent a particular idea (icónico, simbólico)

iconic

not as good or important as some people believe (sobrevalorado)

overrated

intended to impress other people but seeming false or too deliberate (pretenciosas)

pretentious

involving repeating the same action over long periods of time (repetitivo)

repetitive

very attractive, impressive or good (sensacional, sensacionalista, amarillo)

sensational

boring and continuing for too long (tedioso)

tedious

interesting in a way that makes you think of new ideas or that changes your attitude to something (estimulante, provocar el pensamiento)

thought-provoking

different from what most people consider to be usual or normal (poco convencional)

unconventional

especially a performer, writer or sports player, most people do not recognise how good that person or thing really is (subestimado)

underrated

PV: to discuss something with someone in order to get their opinion and make a decision (dar ideas - rebotar ideas)

bounce ideas off

PV: to get a new idea that helps you to do or create something (inspirarte en algo

draw inspiration from something

PV: to get a new way of thinking about something (obtener una nueva perspectiva de algo)

get a fresh perspective on something

PV: to start thinking or feeling appropriately for a task ahead (entrar en el estado mentar correcto)

get into the right state of mind

PV: to reach a point where you are physically or mentally unable to make progress or to continue doing something (golpear una pared)

hit a wall

PV: to spend most of your time doing something or thinking about it (sumergirse en algo)

immerse yourself in something

PV: to make someone more creative in a very active and successful way (poner en marcha la creatividad de alguien)

jump start someone’s creativity

PV: to take control of something such as a plan or a problem and add your own ideas in order to make it successful (correr con una idea)

run with an idea

PV: to behave according to your natural ability to know what to do in a particular situation (confía en tus instintos)

trust your instincts

PV: to start a project with no pre-set ideas about what to do or how to do it (trabaja desde un lienzo en blanco)

work from a blank canvas

extremely enthusiastic and determined to achieve success (muy motivado)

highly-motivated

happening late at night (tarde en la noche, de madrugada)

late-night

willing to consider new ideas (mente abierta, libre de prejuicios, imparcial)

open-minded

done for only part of the time that an activity is usually performed (de media jornada, a media jornada)

part-time

working for yourself instead of for an employer and paid directly by the people who you provide a product or service to (trabajador por cuenta propia, autónomo)

self-employed

not easily upset or offended by what other people say about you (insensible - tener la piel dura))

thick-skinned

a well-paid person receives a good amount of money for work (bien pagado)

well-paid

known by people in all parts of the world (mundialmente famoso)

world-famous

considered ordinary or normal and accepted or used by most people (convencional, corriente principal)

mainstream

a set of principles that people use to decide what is right and what is wrong (ética)

ethics

to experience an increase in activity, interest or growth (auge)

boom

compra, adquisición

purchase

tienda de ropa

shop of clothes

organos de gobierno

governing bodies

mesa electoral

polling station

Junta de delegado

delegate board

discuss the price (regatear)

haggle

meter la ropa - reducir el tamaño

take in the clothe

to move around in a large group (pululando)

swarming

to push sb/sth in a rough way (empujón/empollón)

shove

to push your fingers or another object into sb/sth (dar un toque, codazo)

poke

to hold your arms and legs close to your body (acurrucarse)

huddle

desgastado

worn out

en la otra cara

on the flip side

propia autoestima, propia valía

own self-worth

small group of people who seem unfriendly to other people (pandilla, camarilla)

clique

to decorate sb/sth with sth (engalanada)

decked out

without realising or being aware of one's action (inconscientemente)

unconsciously

liquidar, terminar

wind up

Expr: éxito de la noche a la mañana

overnight success

Idiom: To imagine oneself in the situation or circumstances of another person, so as to understand or empathize with their perspective, opinion, or point of view.

put yourself in my shoes

Idiom: Overconfident in one's importance, skill, or authority; behaving as if one is more important or influential than one actually is. se le subio a la cabeza

He is too big for his boots

Idiom: To not reveal or discuss something publicly.

keep it under your hat

Idiom: To be in charge in a relationship or family. The phrase is typically applied to a woman. Trousers were historically only worn by men, who were traditionally the decision makers.

I wear the trousers

Idiom: To reduce, restrict, or limit one's budget; to live more modestly or make financial sacrifices.

We'll have to tighten our belts

Idiom: An obsession, often with something that is strange or a source of agitation.

She's got a bee in her bonet

Idiom: To remain calm and wait for something.

keep your shirt on

junk e-mail sent to many people at once, usually involving advertising or offering services

spam

Pieces of equipment, such as the computer, keyboard, webcam, etc.

hardware

When your computer suddenly stops working

crash

A program which protects your computer from damage by other users

firewall

A way of marking an internet website so that you can find it easily

bookmark

A permanent high-speed internet connection (banda ancha)

broadband

This thing on your screen can indicate two things: where your mouse pointer is or where the next character typed will be entered in a line of text

cursor

To move a file from your computer onto the internet

upload

To replace something with a newer version

upgrade

A word, phrase o rimage that you can click on to move to a new document or a new section within the current document

hyperlink

To push one of the buttons on the mouse

click

The area where you type the address of the web site you want to view

address bar

To move a file from the internet to your computer

download

An online personal diary with thoughts and opinions as well as links to other websites

blog

a program you use to view websites

browser

A small picture on the screen that shows the type of file or programme

icon

art, music, literature, etc. which is easy to understand and enjoy (accesible)

accessible

made from clay baked at a high temperature so that it had become hard (cerámica)

ceramic

the state of behaving in a strange and unusual way, sometimes in a humorous way (excentricidad)

eccentricity

a piece of art that consists of several objects or picutres arranged to produce a particular effect (instalación artística)

installation

to make sth old look new again by repairing and improving it, especially a building (renovar)

renovate

the activity of decorating cloth with coloured stitches (bordar)

embroider

a structure with a curved top and straight sides that you can walk through (arco)

arch

friendship and trust between people in a group (amistad, camaradería)

camaraderie

a large round hole in the ground (cráter)

crater

one of the first people to do something important (pionero)

pioneer

a very large hole dug in the ground in order to obtain a particular substance (pozo, hoyo)

pit

a place where stone is dug out of the ground (cantera, mina)

quarry

Películas de hollywood

Hollywood movies

telenovelas

soap operas

acertijos

riddles

retruécano, juegos de palabras

puns

palabras inventadas

made-up words

to increase in quantity over a period of time (acumular)

accumulate

substances can be separated into very small parts by bacteria so that they are not harmful to the environment (biodegradable)

biodegradable

balances the amount of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide it produces with actions that are designed to protect the environment, for example planting trees or using less electricity (carbon-neutral)

carbon-neutral

to use a supply of something such as time, energy or fuel (consumir)

consume

to cut through the trunk of a tree in order to make it fall to the ground (talar)

cut down

a reduction in the amount of something or the number of things (agotamiento, reducción, merma)

depletion

the process of making use of something so that you gain as much as possible from it (explotación)

exploitation

to balance the effect of something, with the result that there is no advantage or disadvantage (compensar, contrarrestar)

offset

to put trees, plants or seeds in soil or the ground so that they will grow there (plantar)

plant

energy and natural materials replace themselves by natural processes, so that they are never completely used up (renovable)

renewable

activity sends no gas, light or heat into the air (cero emisiones)

zero-emission

to give someone the ability or opportunity to do something (habilitar, permitir)

enable

to put someone or something into a situation where they might be harmed or damaged (poner en peligro)

endanger

to make something bigger (engrandar, ensanchar)

enlarge

to make certain that something happens or is done (asegurar, hacer seguro)

ensure

to make something the same in size, amount or importance for everyone in a place or for all the members of a group (igualar)

equalise

to make the final decisions or arrangements concerning something (finalizar)

finalise

to make something such as a plan, system or agreement official (formalizar)

formalise

to become longer or to make something longer (alargar)

lengthen

to make something clean by removing dirty or harmful substances from it (purificar)

purify

to become shorter or to make something shorter (acortar)

shorten

to make something less complicated or difficult (simplificar)

simplify

to become solid or to make something solid (solidificar)

solidify

to make something stronger so that it will take more weight or force without breaking (fortalecer, reforzar)

strengthen

to turn something such as a screw or a lid until it is tight and you cannot turn it any more (apretar)

tighten

to form a picture of someone or something in your mind (visualizar)

visualise

to provide advantages (traer beneficios)

bring benefits

to make a situation worse instead of better (hacer más daño que bien)

do more harm than good

has tu mejor esfuerzo (haz tu mejor esfuerzo)

do your best

to make a myth continue (perpetuar un mito)

perpetuate a myth

to take the opportunity to take action before other people do (tomar la iniciativa)

seize the initiative

to act quickly in order to use an opportunity that may not be available later (aprovechar la oportunidad)

seize the opportunity

to develop into something that can be recognised (tomar forma)

take shape

to make the effort to do something (tomar el tiempo)

take the time

the point in time when sth very bad or very good is about to happen (borde, orilla)

brink

impossible to change or stop (irrevocable)

irrevocable

using methods that do not harm the environment (sostenible)

sustainable

original and showing a lot of imagination (visionario)

visionary

medusa

jellyfish

deriva, corriente

drift

amarrar, atracar, echar amarres

moor

absorber, empapar

soak up

concha

seashell

someone who gets an advantage from a situation (beneficiario)

beneficiary

false or wrong belief or idea (espejismos, imaginación, ilusión óptica)

illusion

a way of thinking about things (mentalidad)

mindset

a child whose parents have died (huérfano)

orphan

to make sth such as a situation or process continue, especially one that is wrong, unfair or dangerous (perpetuar)

perpetuate

used about very strong feeling (profundo)

profound

someone who receives sth (receptante)

recipent

hervidor, cafetera, tetera

kettle

preparar té

to brew

platillo para el té

saucer

remover, batir

to stir

taza para té

teacup

jarra, tazón, taza

mug

tetera

teapot

a creature in science fiction stories that is part human and part machine (ciborg)

cyborg

a small metal or carbon object inside an electrical cell or a battery that electricity flows through. There are two electrode, one positive and one negative (electrodo)

electrode

the part at the back of your eye that sends liht signals to your brain, where they are changed into images (retina)

retina

person is intelligent and usually young and likely to do well at school or in their careers (brillante)

bright

to become or to cause someone to become, less angry or excited (enfriarse, calmarse)

cool down

to say things to support an opinion that is being criticised (defiende tu posición)

defend your position

someone with a fiery temper becomes angry very easily and quickly (carácter fuerte)

fiery temper

becoming angry very easily (irascible)

hot-tempered

not knowing very much about something, because other people are keeping it secret from you (en la oscuridad)

in the dark

to use the time with the aim of gaining a future advantage (invertir tiempo)

invest time

to provide new information that helps you understand something (arrojar luz sobre)

shed light on

to refuse even to consider something such as an idea or a plan (derribar, echar abajo)

shoot down

remain calm and relaxed (sigue así)

stay cool

to decide that something is true after looking at all the evidence you have (concluir)

conclude

to decide that something is true after looking at all the evidence you have (realizar un experimento)

conduct an experiment

to show clearly that something is true or that it exists (demostrar)

demonstrate

information that you discover or opinions that you form after doing research (recomendaciones, fallo)

findings

to suggest a possible explanation for something based on the information you have, but without knowing whether the explanation is really true (hipotetizar)

hypothesise

someone who takes part in something (partícipe, participante))

participant

standards of behaviour that are accepted in a particular society (normas sociales)

social norms

to consider or discuss why something has happened or what might happen (especular)

speculate

likely to forget things or to think about something different from what you should be thinking about (despistado, abstraído)

absent-minded

the ability to use good judgement and make sensible decisions (sentido común)

common sense

someone who is curious wants to find out about something (curioso, raro)

curious

someone who is eccentric often behaves in slightly strange or unusual ways (excéntrico)

eccentric

the moment where you find the answer to a problem (momento de inspiración)

eureka moment

to think about something too much or in too much detail (pensar demasiado)

overthink

to try to deal with a problem or difficulty (solucionar problemas)

troubleshoot

a belief that something that you want to be true is true (ilusiones)

wishful thinking

someone who is ready to help you, especially against someone else who is causing problems for you (aliado)

ally

to work with other people to achieve a result that is good for everyone involved (cooperar)

cooperate

to organise the different parts of a job or plan so that the people involved work together effectively (coordinar)

coordinate

to be better than someone else at doing something (exceder, superarse)

outdo

to defeat or gain an advantage over someone by being more clever or skilful than they are (superar en la táctica)

outmanoeuvre

if one group outnumbers another, there are more in the first group than in the second (superar numéricamente)

outnumber

to play much better than your opponent in a sport (jugar mejor que)

outplay

to run faster than someone else (correr más que)

outrun

to gain an advantage over someone, especially by using a clever or dishonest trick (burlar, ser más listo que, ser más astuto)

outsmart

to be more important, useful or valuable than something else (pesar más que, tener más valor que))

outweigh

to succeed in dealing with or controlling a problem (resolver, triunfar, vencer)

overcome

to be the strongest influence or element in a situation (prevalecer, imperar, predominar, triunfar)

prevail

a person, team or business that competes with another (rival)

rival

to accept or admit that something exists, is true or is real (reconocer, agradecer, admitir)

acknowledge

to say that something is true or that someone has done something wrong or illegal, even though this has not been proved (alegar, declarar)

allege

to state firmly that something is true (afirmar, asegurar, hacer valer, imponer)

assert

to proudly tell other people about what you or someone connected with you has done or can do, or about something you own, especially in order to make them admire you (presumir, alardear, jactarse)

boast

to explain something more clearly so that it is easier to understand (aclarar, clarificar)

clarify

to decide that something is true after looking at all the evidence you have (concluir, deducir, finalizar)

conclude

to think that something is probably not true or that it probably does not exist (duda, incertidumbre)

doubt

to suggest that you think something without saying it directly (implicar, insinuar, dar a entender)

imply

to tell someone to do something, especially officially or as their employer (instruir, enseñar, dar intrucciones, ilustrar)

instruct

to consider or discuss why something has happened or what might happen (especular)

speculate

to advise someone very strongly about what action or attitude they should take (instar, incitar, recomendar)

urge

PV: to do something that will disadvantage you (actuar en contra de sus mejores intereses)

act against your best interests

PV: feeling that you want to do something (estar inclinado a)

be inclined to

PV: to gently persuade someone to do something (convencer o persuadir a alguien de algo)

coax someone into something

PV: to behave in a crazy, enthusiastic or violent way (volverse loco por)

go nuts for

PV: to encourage someone to do something (estimular animar a alguien en)

spur someone on

PV: to influence the way that something happens or the way that people behave (guiar a alguien hacia algo)

steer someone towards something

PV: someone’s ability or a supply of information, you use it or get some benefit from it (aprovechar algo)

tap into something

friend (american english)

buddy

sth that makes you feel less unhappy or disappointed (consuelo, consolación)

consolation

sth that makes you feel embarrased or ashamed (digno de verguenza)

cringeworthy

ti put an organ, group of cells, or device into the body in a medical operation (implante o implantar)

implant

a piece of equipment that reacts to physical changes such as the amount of heat or light that exists somewhere (sensor)

sensor

the bony case which contains the brain (cráneo)

skull

jarrón, florero

vase

barra de metal

metal bar

cilindro de medición

measuring cylinder

toalla de baño

bath towel

cerradura de combinación

combination lock

cajonera

chest of drawers

terrones de azúcar

sugar cubes

corcho, tapadura

cork

tornillos

screws

balanza eléctrica

electric scales

to express sth in a short clear form that gives the most important facts or ideas (encapsular)

encapsulate

to eat sth quickly and often noisily (engullir tragar)

gobble

to want sth very much and in a way that is very hard to control (pedir, implorar, rogar)

crave

to give someone a reason for waiting to do sth (incentivar)

incentivise

relating to or involving ordinary people, especially in politics (de base, popular)

grassroots

FIG: to finish sth that takes a long time and is difficult or boring (guillotinar, arar)

plough

praise, respect or admiration (reconocimiento)

recognition

to turn over quickly or to make sth turn over (dar la vuelta)

flip

the side of a coin that has a picture of a head on it (la cara de la moneda)

heads

a situation that could possibly happen (escenario)

scenario

the side of a coin that does not have a picture of a person on it (la cruz de la moneda)

tails

disappointed because you have discovered that someone or sth is not as good as you had believed (desilusionado)

disillusioned

a situaation in which a person or animal suffers or dies because they do not have enough to eat (inanición, hambre)

starvation

to become very sick or to die from a disease (sucumbir)

succumb

someone who enters a place where they are not allowed to go (intruso)

intruder

to go along the same path or route that someone else has gone along previously (retractar)

retrace

experienced in a particular activity or job (experimentado)

seasoned