Gramatyka 2

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questão resposta
brzęczenie
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buzz
tabu
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taboo
wiolonczela
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cello
sopran
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soprano
aureola
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halo
ładunek
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cargo
łydka/ cielak
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calf
martwa natura
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still life
karzeł
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dwarf
kopyto
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a hoof
przystań (dla statków)
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wharf
amator
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tenderfoot
gęś
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goose
wesz-wszy
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louse-lice
wół
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ox
bodziec, zachęta
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stimulus
absolwent
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alumnus
warstwa
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stratum
kryterium
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criterion
bakteria-bakterie
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bacterium-bacteria
paranteza (wtrącenie)
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paranthesis-parentheses
teza/ praca naukowa
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thesis-theses
sympocjum (spotkanie naukowe)
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symposium
dodatek, załącznik
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appendix
wyrostek robaczkowy
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appendix
aparat, przyrząd, urządzenie
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apparatus
łoś
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moose
dorsz
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a cod
poduszkowiec
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hovercraft
kostka (do gry)
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dice
potomstwo
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offspring
tuzin
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dozen
pomoc dydaktyczna
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teaching aid
przechodzień
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passer-by
zdobywca 2 miejsca
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runner-up
widz
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looker-on
pochlebca, fagas
someone who spends a lot of time with a rich or important person, becouse they hope to get some advantage for themselves
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hanger-on
He was surrounded by a crowd of handers-on.
laska, kula
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walking stick
someone, especially lawyer, who has the legal power to make a signed statement or document official
notariusz
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notary public
błędny rycerz
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knight errant
a court that judes soldiers, etc. who may have broken military law, or an occasion when this judgement is made
sąd wojenny
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court-martial
łyżeczka pełna czegoś
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spoonful
garść, garstka
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a handful
okręt wojenny
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man-of-war
ptak drapieżny
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bird of prey
druhna, świadek
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maid of honour
inicjacja, wszczęcie
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rite of passage
Marriage, though not the social imperative it once was, still stands for a major rite of passage into adult life.
naczelny dowódca
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commander in chief
szkoła (sposób myślenia)
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school of thought
niezapominajka
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forget-me-not
karuzela
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a merry-go-round
wydawać (kogoś), zdradzać (kogoś)
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give-away
zawiadomienie, notatka służbowa
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memorandum
liść herbaty
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tea leaf
roboczogodzina
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man-hour
miejsce na uboczu drogi przeznaczone na odpoczynek
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lay-by
snop, sterta, wiązka
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sheaf
przypadek(np. mianownik, dopełniacz, itp.)
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case
dopełniacz
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genitive/ possesive case
apostrofa
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apostrophe
komentarz
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remark
rządy, panowanie
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reign
gniazdo
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a nest
trzymać kogoś na dystans
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(keep someone) at arm’s length
być jedną nogą w grobie
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be at death’s door
na litość/ miłość boską
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for [goodness(’)s/ heaven(’)s/ God’s/ Christ’s] sake
ile dusza zapragnie
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to your heart’s content
odchodzić od zmysłów
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be at your wits’ end
rzut beretem/ kamieniem
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a stone’s throw (away)
powierzchnia ziemi
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the earth’s surface
rzeźnik
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a butcher
zaimek wskazujący
this, that, these, those
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demonstrative pronoun
zaimek osobowy
I, me, you, he, him, etc.
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personal pronoun
zaimek w formie podmiotu
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subject pronoun
a noun or pronoun that comes before the verb in an ordinary affirmative sentence. It often says (in an active sentence) who or what does the action that the verb refers to.
podmiot
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subject
SHE broke another glass today.
zaimek w formie dopełnienia
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object pronoun
a noun or pronoun that normally comes after the verb, in an active clause
dopełnienie
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object
I like HIM./ She put IT on the table.
zaimek dzierżawczy
mine, yours, hers, etc.
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possessive pronoun
przymiotnik dzierżawczy/ określnik dzierżawczy
my, your, her, etc.
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possesive adjective/ determiner
zaimek zwrotny
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reflexive pronoun
czasownik zwrotny
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reflexive verb
without help, alone
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on your own, by yourself
poklepać
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pat
użądlić
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sting
nie stawić się
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absent yourself from
You cannot absent yourself from school just becouse you want.
zadowolić się czymś
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content yourself with
He had to content himself with a less prestigious award.
zająć się czymś
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busy yourself with
We busied ourselves with filling out the forms.
szczycić się czymś
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pride yourself on
She prides herself on her ability to work indepenently.
zapoznać się z czymś
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acquaint yourself with
You will need to acquaint yourself with the new rules.
przyłożyć się do czegoś
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apply yourself to
She has to apply herself to her studies more.
zobowiązać się do czegoś
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commit yourself to
The goverment commotted itself to reducing income taxes.
zajmować się czymś
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concern yourself with/ about
You don’t have to concern yourself with/ about these problems.
zaznajomić się z czymś
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familiarize yourself with
Please familiarize yourself with the manual first.
fatygować się
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trauble yourself with
Don’t trauble yourself (with her financial problems)
Baw się dobrze!
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Enjoy yourself/ves!
Zachowuj się!
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Behave yourself/ves!
Częstuj się
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Help yourself/ves (to some coffee)!
Rozgość się!/ Czuj się jak u siebie w domu!
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Make yourself comfortable!/ Make yourself/ves at home!
Mój jaśniej!
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Make yourself understood.
Nie smuć się! Nie martw się!
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Don’t upset yourself!
Nie słyszę własnych myśli.
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I can’t (can barely/ hardly) hear myself think.
Między nami
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Between ourselves/ Between you and me
arystokracja
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aristocracy
chór
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a choir
prowizja
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commission
komitet, komisja
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committee
rada
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council
załoga
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a crew
młodzież
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youth
... are small animals, birds, and insects that are harmful because they destroy crops, spoil food and spread disease.
robactwo, szkodniki
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vermin
... are the official leaders of religious activities in organized religions
duchowieństwo, kler
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clergy
... are cows and bulls keeping on a farm
bydło
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cattle
byk
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bull
krzywica (choroba kończyn)
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rickets
... is a game played on a cloth-covered table
bilard
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billiards
... is a game in which small pointed objects are thrown at a round board.
rzutki
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darts
... is a game played by two people, each with 12 round pieces.
warcaby
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draughts/ checkers (US)
... is a game played with a set of small flat pieces.
domino
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dominoes
Bruksela
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Brussels (is in Belgium)
Neapol
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Naples (is in Italy)
Ateny
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Athens (is in Greece)
Holandia
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the Netherlands (is a country in Western Europe.)
skrzyżowanie
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a junction
rozdroże
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crossroads (is a junction)
gatunek
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species (is a group)
the money and resources that you have
środki (utrzymania), zasoby (finansowe)
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means
We don't have any means to live here.
zielenina, warzywa zielone
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greens
szanse, prawdopodobieństwo, los
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odds
The odds are against him and so is his age.
szczegółowe dane, szczegóły
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particulars
At the right are some particulars on how they could do so.
broń, uzbrojenie
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arms
zakupy, artykuły spożywcze
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groceries
buildings where soldiers live
koszary
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barracks
things that are produced in order to be sold
towar
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goods
suburbs
obrzeża miasta
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outskirts
greetings
ukłony, pozdrowienia
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regards
leftovers
pozostałości/ szczątki
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remains
wealth
bogactwo, majątek, dobrobyt
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riches
a set of steps
schody
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stairs
bubbles formed on the top of water with soap in it
mydliny
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suds
the things that you say or do to show that you are grateful
podziękowania
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thanks
field glasses
lornetka
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binoculars
a V-shaped instrument used for drawing cicrles
cyrkiel
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compasses
trousers (UK)
spodnie
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pants (US)
a small tool made of two crossed pieces of metal, used to hold small things or to bend and cut wire
kombinerki
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pliers
a special tool for cutting your nails
obcinarka do paznokci
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nail clippers
a heavy tool for cutting, like a big pair of scissors
nożyce ogrodowe
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shears
glasses
okulary
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spectacles
He put on his spectacles (=specs) and examined the pictures.
a small tool that has two narrow pieces of metal joined at one end which is used for pulling or moving small objects
pęseta
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tweezers
a stepladder
drabinka
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steps
kompas
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compass
zwyczaj
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custom
In my country, it’s the custom for women to get married in white.
odprawa celna
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customs
It took us ages to get through customs at the airport.
szkody
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damage
The earthquake caused serious demage.
odszkodowanie
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demages
The court awarded him $15,000 in demages.
maniery
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manners
She has such good manners.
widowisko, spektakl
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spectacle
The carnival was a magnificant spectacle.
dobry/zły nastrój
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in high/low spirits
I’ve been in high/low spirits lately.
spirytus
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spirits
an amount of money that is collected and kept for a particular purpose
fundusz
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fund
money that an organization has
fundusze, środki pieniężne
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funds
the size or level of something
waga (kogoś)
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scale
a machine for weighing people or objects
waga
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scales (skale US)
pokarmy stałe
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solids
cząsteczka
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particle
księgowość, rachunkować
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accountancy
grad
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hail
sztućce
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cutlery
artykuły biurowe
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stationery
naczynia stołowe
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crockery
maszyny, maszyneria
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machinery
zakwaterowanie
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accommodation
brawa, oklaski, aplauz
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applause
wsparcie (np. finansowe), pomoc
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assistance
kucharstwo, gotowanie
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cookery
odwaga
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courage
określnik
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determiner
określnik ilościowy
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quantifier
czasownik posiłkowy
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auxiliary verb
czasownik modalny
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modal (auxiliary)(verb)
czasownik główny
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main verb
najmniej
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the fewest/ the least
pozycja przydawkowa
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attributive position
dryfujący, uniszący się na wodzie
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afloat
płonący, palący się
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alight
w płomieniach, w ogniu
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aflame
coś się święci, na coś się zanosi
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afoot
The managers keep having secret meetings, so something must be afoot.
happy
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content/ glad
weak
osłabiony, słaby
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faint
I felt faint with hunger.
difficult to see or hear
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a faint noise/ the faint outline of the tower
expensive and of a very high quality
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fine wine/ clothes
angry feelings towards someone
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ill feeling
used to say that every problem brings an advantage for someone
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it’s an ill wind (that blows nobody any good)
badly-lit
źle oświetlony
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poorly-lit
very bad
To przykra sytuacja, która nikomu nie przynosi korzyści.
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a sorry sight/ a sorry state of affairs
It is a sorry state of affairs that no one benefits from this.
sth that will defenietly happen
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(a) sure thing
a very clear sign
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a sure sign/ indication
an illness that affects the stomach and makes you feel sick
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an upset stomach/ tummy
the most important official in charge of a large organization, esp. an international organization
sekretarz generalny
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secretary general
the person who has been elected as president but who has not yet officially started their job
prezydent elekt
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president elect
an heir whose right to receive the family property, money or title cannot be taken away
prawowity następca
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heir apparent
all the people in a nation forming a state under the control of a single goverment
państwo (jako organizm państwowy), społeczeństwo
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body politic
used to say when you are surprised or angry; for goodness(’) sake
Mój Boże!
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goodness gracious/ me
the whole amount of something, especially when this is less than expected or needed
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the sum total of
for longer than people can remember
od niepamiętnych czasów
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from/ since time immemorial
wszystkim zaangażowanym
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all the people concerned
zmartwieni rodzice
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concerned parents
wiąże się z tym za dużo ryzyka
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there's too much risk involved
skomplikowana fabuła
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involved plot
kilka ludzi obecnych
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a few people present
obecny (teraźniejszy) adres
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present address
osoba odpowiedzialna za
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person responsible for
Mój zmarły wujek
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My late uncle
braterski/ siostrzany
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brotherly/ sisterly
kosztowny
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costly
tchórzliwy
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cowardly
zabójczy, śmiertelny
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deadly
starszy
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elderly
ojcowski, matczyny
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fatherly, motherly
niebiański, boski
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heavenly
prawdopodobny
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likely
żywy, żywiołowy
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lively
chorowity, mdlący
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sickly
ołowiany
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leaden
kamienny
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stony
skórzany
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leathery
nieugięty
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steely
a game or match played at your opponent’s field or sports hall
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an away game
wcześniejszy
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then
the then chairman
teraźniejszy imiesłów
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present participle
przeszły imiesłów
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past participle
przy świecach
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candle-lit
ognioodporny
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fire-resistant
zdanie twierdzące
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positive/ affirmative sentence
zdanie przeczące
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negative sentence
zdanie pytające
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interrogative sentence/ question
zdanie (składowe)
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clause
zdanie podrzędne
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subordinate/ dependent clause
przyimek
on, off, into, for, by, in, with, at,...
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preposition
directly; in person
twarzą w twarz
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face to face
They have never met face to face.
with your arm resting in the curve of another person’s arm
pod rękę
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arm in arm
We walked arm in arm along the quiet street.
holding each other’s hand
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hand in hand
They were seen walking hand in hand through town.
moving very gradually and slowly
krok po kroku
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inch by inch
The enemy was advancing inch by inch.
repeatedly for many days
dzień w dzień
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day after day/ day in day out
I hate doing the same boring chores day after day.
all the time, continuously
dniami i nocami
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night and day/ day and night
You can hear the noise outside night and day.
completely; thoroughly
od góry do doły
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from top to bottom
The house has been cleaned from top to bottom.
completely (dressed or covered in sth)
od stóp do głów
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from top to toe
The woman was dressed in red from top to toe.
Mów głośniej!
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Make yourself heard!
stan gotowości, czuwania
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stand(-)by
bochenek (chleba)
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loaf
własne ja, ego, osobowość
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self
wiązka siana, snop
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sheaf
piszczałka
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fife
śledź
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herring
pstrąg
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a trout
makrela
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mackerel
wskazówka
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give-away
ludożerca
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man-eater
studzienka kanalizacyjna
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manhole
mizogin, wróg kobiet
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woman-hater
krzywica
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rickets
czas trwania
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duration
gruźlica
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tuberculosis
porcelana
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china
czułek (u owada), macka
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antenna
co drugi
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every other
every other year
used in a piece of writing to refer to something mentioned in an earlier part of the same piece of writing
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the above statement/ rule
used when mentioning the person who had a particular job, title, or position at a time in the past
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the then chairman
nie uczciwy, szemrany
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crooked
stopniowanie przymiotników/ przysłówków
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comparison (of adjectives/ adverbs)
stopień najwyższy
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superlative degree
stopnień wyższy
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comparative degree
stopień równy
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positive degree
chytry, cwany
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sly
mniejsze zło
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the lesser of two evils
w mniejszym stopniu
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to a lesser degree/ extent
zwykli śmiertelnicy, zwykli ludzie
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lesser mortals

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