Advanced English (2) • VERBS • 'W'

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waylay
verb [T ] C2 literary/formal (waylay-waylaid-waylaid) • synonyms: ambush, intercept, detain, accost • waylay someone; be waylaid by something/someone; waylay with questions/demands • freq in AmE: 2/10
A man on his way to deposit $12,000 in a bank was waylaid by two men who snatched his bag. | 2. We were waylaid by traffic and missed the beginning of the show.
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napaść z zasadzki, czaić się, zatrzymać kogoś w drodze
to stop or interrupt someone unexpectedly, often to detain, ambush, or delay them; sometimes with hostile or urgent intent
Mężczyzna, który szedł wpłacić 12 000 dolarów do banku, został napadnięty przez dwóch mężczyzn, którzy wyrwali mu torbę. | 2. Zatrzymały nas korki i spóźniliśmy się na początek spektaklu.
whipsaw
verb [T usually passive ] C1 financial/emotional metaphor • synonyms: destabilize, buffet, shake • be/get/feel whipsawed by something • investors/markets/companies/emotions whipsawed by trends/news/forces • freq in AmE: 5/10
She felt emotionally whipsawed by the sudden shifts in his behavior.
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szarpać, poddawać gwałtownym wahaniom, miotać między sprzecznymi siłami
to subject someone or something to rapid, opposing, and often unpredictable changes — especially in financial, emotional, or strategic contexts; implies instability, pressure, and conflicting forces
Czuła się emocjonalnie rozchwiana przez nagłe zmiany w jego zachowaniu.
wreak
verb [T ] C2 formal (wreak-wreaked-wreaked or wreak-wrought-wrought) • synonyms: inflict, unleash, cause • wreak something (on something/someone); wreak havoc/destruction/vengeance/damage (on something); wreak chaos/revenge • freq in AmE: 6/10
The storm wreaked havoc across the region. | 2. He vowed to wreak vengeance on those who betrayed him. | 3. The malware wreaked damage on thousands of devices.
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sprowadzać (np. zniszczenie), siać (np. spustoszenie), dokonywać (np. zemsty)
to cause something harmful, damaging, or violent to happen; to inflict or unleash force, punishment, or destruction
Burza siała spustoszenie w całym regionie. | 2. Poprzysiągł dokonać zemsty na zdrajcach. | 3. Złośliwe oprogramowanie spowodowało poważne szkody.
wreak havoc
collocation with wreak verb [T ] C2 • synonyms: cause chaos, devastate, disrupt • wreak havoc on/with something (economy/system/region); storms/policies/viruses wreak havoc • freq in AmE: 7/10
The recent storms have wreaked havoc on crops. | 2. Not getting enough sleep can wreak havoc on your hormones.
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siać spustoszenie, powodować chaos, wywoływać poważne szkody
to cause widespread chaos, destruction, or serious disruption; to inflict damage on a large scale, often suddenly or violently
Ostatnie burze spowodowały ogromne zniszczenia w uprawach. | 2. Niedobór snu może mieć katastrofalne skutki dla gospodarki hormonalnej.
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