Advanced English (2) • NOUNS • 'G'

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gown
noun [C ] C2 • synonyms: dress, robe, garment • evening/wedding gown; academic/medical/judicial gown; wear a gown; cap and gown • freq in AmE: 6/10
The bride’s gown was made of silk and lace. | 2. Graduates walked across the stage in caps and gowns. | 3. The surgeon adjusted her sterile gown before the operation. | 4. The judge entered the courtroom in a black gown.
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suknia (wieczorowa, ślubna), szlafrok, toga (akademicka, sędziowska), fartuch (lekarski)
a long, formal dress worn on special occasions; also, a loose-fitting robe worn for academic, legal, or medical purposes
Suknia panny młodej była z jedwabiu i koronki. | 2. Absolwenci przeszli przez scenę w biretach i togach. | 3. Chirurg poprawiła swój sterylny fartuch przed operacją. | 4. Sędzia wszedł na salę rozpraw w czarnej todze.
grip
noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: control, command, hold • have/get/lose/regain a grip on something; firm/tenuous grip; grip on reality/emotions/situation • freq in AmE: 7/10
She has a strong grip on the company's finances. | 2. The situation is spiraling out of control — we need to get a grip. | 3. He lost his grip on reality after the accident.
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kontrola, panowanie (nad sytuacją, emocjami, rzeczywistością)
a firm hold or control over something — physical, emotional, cognitive, or situational; the ability to manage, understand, or dominate a condition or process
Ma pełną kontrolę nad finansami firmy. | 2. Musimy odzyskać panowanie nad sytuacją. | 3. Po wypadku stracił kontakt z rzeczywistością.
have a grip on something
collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: control, understanding, command • have/get/lose/regain a grip on something; firm/tenuous grip; grip on reality/emotions/situation • freq in AmE: 7/10
The government seems to have no grip on the crisis. | 2. Have you got a grip over the situation?
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mieć nad czymś kontrolę, panować nad czymś (emocjonalnie, poznawczo lub sytuacyjnie)
to have control, understanding, or mastery over a situation, concept, or emotion; to be able to manage or comprehend something effectively
Rząd zdaje się nie panować nad kryzysem. | 2. Czy masz kontrolę nad sytuacją?
keep your grip on something
collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: maintain control, stay composed • keep your grip on reality/emotions/situation; keep grip on power/control; struggle/fight to keep grip • freq in AmE: 6/10
You need to keep your grip on the situation before it escalates. | 2. She struggled to keep her grip on reality during the crisis.
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utrzymywać kontrolę nad czymś, nie tracić panowania (emocjonalnego, poznawczego lub sytuacyjnego)
to maintain control, stability, or understanding of something — especially in challenging, volatile, or emotionally intense situations
Musisz zachować kontrolę nad sytuacją, zanim wymknie się spod kontroli. | 2. W czasie kryzysu z trudem utrzymywała kontakt z rzeczywistością.
loosen your grip on something
collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: relax control, release influence • loosen your grip on something; loosen grip on power/authority/team; gradually/reluctantly loosen grip • freq in AmE: 6/10
Parents sometimes struggle to loosen their grip on their children’s choices.
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rozluźniać kontrolę nad czymś, oddawać wpływ, pozwalać na większą swobodę
to reduce or relax control, influence, or dominance over something; to allow more freedom, flexibility, or autonomy in a situation, system, or relationship
Rodzicom czasami trudno jest odciąć się od decyzji podejmowanych przez ich dzieci.
lose your grip on something
collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: lose control, unravel, destabilize • lose your grip on reality/emotions/situation; gradually/completely lose grip; lose grip on power/market • freq in AmE: 6/10
He completely lost his grip on reality after the accident. | 2. The company is losing its grip on the market. | 3. She feared she was losing her grip on her emotions.
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tracić kontrolę nad czymś, przestawać panować nad czymś (emocjonalnie, poznawczo lub sytuacyjnie)
to lose control, stability, or understanding of something — whether emotional, cognitive, situational, or relational; often implies a breakdown, disorientation, or inability to manage
Po wypadku całkowicie stracił kontakt z rzeczywistością. | 2. Firma traci kontrolę nad rynkiem. | 3. Bała się, że przestaje panować nad własnymi emocjami.
tighten your grip on something
collocation with grip noun [C usually singular ] C1 • synonyms: increase control, assert dominance • tighten your grip on something; tighten grip on power/media/data; firm/tighter grip • freq in AmE: 6/10
Tech giants are tightening their grip on user data.
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zacieśniać kontrolę nad czymś, zwiększać wpływ lub dominację
to increase control, dominance, or influence over something; to become more assertive, strict, or forceful in managing a situation, person, or system
Giganci technologiczni coraz bardziej dominują w obszarze danych użytkowników.
groaner
noun [C ] C1 • synonyms: dad joke, pun, clunker, corny joke • (crack/tell/laugh at a groaner); classic groaner pun; painful groaner moment • freq in AmE: 5/10
"I used to be a banker, but I lost interest." — classic groaner.
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suchar, żart tak słaby, że aż boli
a joke or pun so predictable, awkward, or painfully unfunny that it elicits groans rather than laughter; often used affectionately or mockingly to describe low-effort humor that’s endearing in its failure
"Kiedyś pracowałem w banku, ale straciłem zainteresowanie." — klasyczny angielski suchar.
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